Theory of the forms - that thereis the real forms in another world. Beauty, truth and beauty
Form of good - The highest form
The analogy of the cave reflect the world we live in
A Posteriori Argument
Material world as it seems to us is not the real world, but only an image or copy of the real world.
infinate regressiion
Soul exists
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Aristotle
384 BC – 322 BC
Student of Plato
Infinate Regression - Numbers are concepts so can't be compared with things which are contingent
Cause and Effect - must have a starting point
Prime Mover - This is god, cannot move, necessary existence
4 causes - Material, formal, efficient, final cause.
A posteriori
Actuality and Potentiality - egg has potentiality to become a scrambled egg
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Attributes of God
God is the creator
Judio-Christian tradition
'in the beginning when God created the heavens and earth' (Genesis 1:1)
Omnipotent
Omniscience
Omnipresence
Omnibenevolent
Creatio ex nihilo - God made universe out of nothing
The craftsman - god is like a craftsman
God as a creator of a beautiful, ordered and harmonious world.
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Ontological Argument
Gaunillo - Everyone has the idea of a perfect island it doesn't mean it exists and gossip.
Anselm - We all have an idea of god so therefore he must exist, even if it is only in the mind, but if he only exists in the mind then this is inferior to anything in both mind and reality.
Neccessary - it must exist
Contingent - exists because of something else
Islands are contingent and have no intrinsic maxim
Descarates - Only thing he cannot doubt is that he exists
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