oral heath asessment

Carried out for 

Prevention of disease- reinforce oral messages 

Early detection & diagnosis when disease is already present 

ORAL DISEASES  

Dental Caries 

Chronice Gingivitis 

Chronic Peridontal Disease 

Oral health assesment 

Extra oral soft tissues/ peridontal soft tissuses/ occlusion/ decidious and mixed dentition of children/intraoral soft tissues/ permanent dentition 

LABIAL, BUCCAL AND SULCUS MUCOSA 

checked for their colour and texture the presence of any patches/ moisture level noted 

PALATIAL MUCOSA 

both hard and soft palates, the oropharynx and tonsils

TONGUE

Checked for coloir and texture/ mobility/ beneath the tongue

FLOOR OF MOUTH

Colour and texture/ presence of any white or red patches/ presence of swelling on the tongue

CODE 0 - Helathy gingival tissue/ no bleeding on probe 

CODE 1- Pocket no more than 3.5mm/ bleeding/ no calculus/ other than plaque rentention  factor present 

CODE 2-  Pocket no more than 3.5 mm but plaque retention factor detected such as sub calculus 

CODE 3-  Pocket present up to 5.5mm deep

CODE 4- Pocket present deeper than 5.5mm BUT less that 7mm

CODE *- Gingival recession or furcation involvement present, pocket present deeper than 7 mm

TOOTH MOBILTY 

GRADE 1- Side to side tooth movement less than 2mm

GRADE 2- Side to side movement more than 2mm

GRADE 3- Vertical movement present 

Palmer Notation 

International Dental Federation (FDI) 

Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE) 

Dental instruments used to carry out tooth charting assesments are 

Mouth Mirror 

Agled probe 

Tweezers

Briault Probe 

Ulceration 

Minor aphthous ulcers- small,shallow, painful ulcers that heal within 14 days and cause no scaring 

Major aphthous ulcers- Larger, painful ulcers that take weeks or months to heal and cause no scaring 

Herpetiform aphthous ulcers-  Very small multipule ulcers that occur sometimes up to a 100 at a time 

STOMATITIS- Inflam condition of the oral cavity/ elderly and denture wearers/ Mucous appears red and iflamed/ overlying candida infection

ANGULAR CHEILITIS- Inflammation at the corners (angles) of the mouth

GLOSSITIS- Inflammation of the tongue which appears as red and smooth and is sore

BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME- Usually occurs in elderly women and is described as the oral cavity feeling  'on fire' 

ORAL CANDIDIASIS: commonly occuring infection with the fungus Candida Albicans, producing a transient white patch 

LEUKOPLAKIA-  A white patch that has no obvious local cause/ REGARDED as a premalignant condition 

ERYTHROPLAKIA-  A red patch on the oral mucosa, in isolation or sometimes adjacent to an area of leukoplakia/ sinister sign of premalignancy 

Premalignant- could be cancerous 

Malignant- cancerous 

- EFFECTS// SORT TISSUES// SALIVARY GLANDS// JAW BONE 

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SCC) 

tabacco habbits/ high alcohol consumption/ sunlight / diet/ genetics 

SCC

painless ulcer that fails to heal within 2-3 weeks 

appearing beneath or side of the tongue 

presence of white or red patch 

HERPES

herpes simplex type I

Herpes labialis- occurs after the intitial primary herpes simplex

Herpes zooster- Shingles 

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) - can present as an oral legion in the mouth / oral ccandidiasis/ herpes zoster / kaposi's sarcoma/ oral hairy leukoplakia 

Hepatitis- cross infection of an needle stick injury 

Diabetes- affects the pancreas/ raised concentration of glucose in the blood/ type 1 and type 2 

xerostomia- dry mouth

poor wound healing/ infection 

EPILEPSY- drug can affect gingival tissue over growth gingival hyperplasia 

EATING DISORDES- Enamel erosion/ soft tissue burns 

digestive disorders- crohns disease / ulcerative colitis/ coeliac disease 

ASTHMA ATTACK- salbutamol (face mask) 

ANAPHYLAXIS- adrenaline (injection)

EPILEPTIC FIT- oxygen/ Midazolam buccal gel (face mask) 

HYPOGLYCAEMIA- glucogel (conscious) (oral)  Gkucagon (unconscious) (injected) 

ANGINA- GTN metered dose (sublingual face mask )

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION- asprin 

SIGN- pale and clammy skin, weak and thready pulse loss of consciousness

SYMPTOM- dizziness, tunnel vision, nausea 

TREATMENT - lie casuality flat with legs raised above the head to restore blood flow 

SIGN- breathless with wheezing on expiration, cyanosis (blueness of lips) 

SYMPTOM- difficulty in breathing, sensation of suffocating or drowning 

TREATMENT- salbutamol inhaler/ give oxegyen 

Server allergic reation 

swelling in head and neck 

SIGN  facial swelling/ formation of a rash 

SYMPTOM sudden onset of breathing difficulties/ tingling of  extermities 

TREATMENT call 99 administer adrenaline 

SIGN : suddn loss of consciousness/ followed by tonic-clonic tonic phase casulaty becomes rigid/ chronic phase- casualty convulses 

SYMPTOM: casulty may experience an altered mood just before th fit begins 

TREATMENT: make no attempt to move them 

SIGN trembling cold and clammy skin becoming irritable to the point of being aggressive

SYMPTOM confusion, disorientated 

TREATMENT if conscious, give glucogel tube ( unconcious glucagon/ emergency drug box) 

SIGN congested facial appearance, casualty  clutching chest left arm 

SYMPTOM crushing chest pain that may travel into the left arm or jaw, nausea, breathlessness

TREATMENT administer GTN spray