OCR FOOD TECHNOLOGY NOTES

NUTRIENTS

THE NUTRIENTS IN FOOD ARE:

• VITAMINS
• PROTEIN
• MINERALS
• CARBOHYDRATES
• WATER
• FATS
• WE NEED A BALANCE OF NUTRIENTS IN OUR DIET EVERY DAY
• FOODS CONTAIN A COMBINATION OF MACRO AND MICRONUTRIENTS
• MACRONUTRIENTS- PROTEINS, FATS AND CARBOHYDRATES.THESE ARE NEEDED IN LARGE QUANTITIES AND FORM THE BULK OF THE INGREDIENTS
• MICRONUTRIENTS- VITAMINS AND MINERALS. THESE ARE FOUND IN FOOD AND ARE VITAL TO THE HEALTH BUT ARE REQUIRED IN VERY SMALL QUANTITIES

PROTEINS ARE ONE OF THE MACRONUTRIENTS

IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR GROWTH AND REPAIR OF THE BODY TISSUE AND ALSO IT IS CRUCIAL FOR THE HEALTHY FUNCTIONING OF THE BODY.

PROTEIN IS MADE UP OF COMPLEX CHAINS OF AMINO ACIDS. THERE ARE 20 DIFFERENT TYPES OF AMINO ACIDS EACH HAVING A SPECIAL FUNCTION IN THE BODY

THE FUNCTION OF PROTEIN IN THE DIET ARE:

• GROWTH ESPECIALLY IN CHILDREN AND PREGNANT WOMEN
• REPAIR OF BODY TISSUE AFTER ILLNESS, ACCIDENTS AND SURGERY FOR RENEWAL OF CELL PROTEINS FOR PEOPLE OF ALL AGES
• ENZYMES, ARE VITAL FOR METABOLISM AND ARE MADE OF PROTEINS
• HORMONES, WHICH REGULATE SOME IMPORTANT BODILY FUNCTION ARE ALSO MADE UP OF PROTEINS
• A SECONDARY SOURCE OF ENERGY. WHEN THE BODY HAS USED UP ALL THE AMINO ACIDS IT NEEDS FOR CONSTRUCTION, THE REMAINDER ARE BURNT FOR ENERGY

• THE HUMAN BODY NEEDS ALL 20 AMINO ACIDS TO MAINTAIN THE HEALTH AND GROWTH. SOME OF THE AMINO ACIDS CAN BE GAINED FROM OUR BODY BUT OTHERS NEED TO BE OBTAINED THROUGH THE FOOD WE EAT. THESE ARE CALLED ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. THERE ARE 8 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS FOR ADULTS AND 10 FOR CHILDREN.

HBV PROTEINS:

ARE FOODS THAT CONTAIN ALL THE ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

MOSTLY COME FROM ANIMAL SOURCES (MEAT, FISH, POULTRY AND DAIRY PRODUCTS) AND THE VEGETABLE SOURCE, SOYA AND QUORN MADE FROM MYCO-PROTEIN.