Memory

Factors influencing witnessing an event:

Inattention blindness; weapon focus

Participants see a video of a car collision and are asked about how fast the car was going using multiple verbs: "about how fast were they going when they ... each other?"

• Contacted
• Bumped
• Collided
• Hit
• Smashed

Attention:

• Highly selective (e.g. inattention blindness)

Memory:

• Influenced by attention
• Malleable - forgetting and change occurs
• Influence by how it is retrieved (e.g. Loftus and Palmer, 1974)

Referees:

• Influence of attention and memory processes
• Includes expertise, inattention blindness

Players:

• Players do not typically have to report what they see, as referees do, but perception and memory will be affected similarly by expertise, inattention blindness