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Chapter 13 - Reflexive Pronouns

Refer to SUBJECT of the sentence  - Subject does the action to itself e.g. Zahrah bought herself lipstick.

1ST Person:

SING

ACC- ME            GEN- MEI              DAT- MIHI             ABL-ME

PLURAL

ACC- NOS         GEN- NOSTRI       DAT- NOBIS          ABL- NOBIS

2ND Person:

SING

ACC- TE            GEN- TUI               DAT- TIBI              ABL- TE

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Chapter 13 - Reflexive Pronouns (2)

PLURAL

ACC- VOS              GEN- VESTRI              DAT- VOBIS                 ABL- VOBIS

3RD Person

SING

ACC- SE               GEN- SUI                      DAT- SIBI                     ABL- SE

PLURAL

(SAME as the singular - SE, SUI, SIBI, SE

................................................................................

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SE AND EUM/EAM

SE us reflexive and refers to the subject and Eum/Eam refer to someone else who isn't the subject of the verb.

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chapter 13 - Reflexive Pronouns (3)

E.g. Zahrah bought him a pair of shoes. (eum/eam) | Zahrah bought herself a pair of shoes. (se)

IPSE, IPSA, IPSUM

PRONOUN. Corresponds with herself, himself, themselves etc. so -self

Gen sg - ipsius  Dat sg - ipsi (like hic, hac, hoc etc.)

e.g. Caesarum ipsum vidi - I saw Caesar himself.

VOCABULARY

DIVITIAE, DIVITIARUM F. PL.   RICHES    FACTUM, FACTI N.   DEED   SIGNUM, SIGNI N.   SIGN  

QUISQUE, QUIDQUE  EACH ONE     SUUS, SUA, SUUM   HIS/HER OWN   ANTE     BEFORE

PER   THROUGH                                     NAM     FOR                              OLIM    ONCE  

STO (STARE, STETI, STATUM)    I STAND   ||  IUNGO (IUNGERE, IUNXI, IUNCTUM)       I JOIN

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Chapter 14 - i stem nouns; more uses of the ablati

E.g. Civis, -is m.                                                             Mare, -is n.

Nom- Civ-is                       Civ-es                                  Nom- Mare              Mar-ia

Voc- Civ-is                         Civ-es                                  Voc- Mare                Mar-ia

Acc- Civ-em                      Civ-es                                  Acc- Mare                Mar-ia

Gen- Civ-is                        Civ-ium                                Gen- Mar-is             Mar-ium

Dat- Civ-i                           Civ-ibus                                Dat- Mar-i               Mar-ibus 

Abl- Civ-e                           Civ-ibus                               Abl- Mar-i                Mar-ibus

..........................................................................................................................................................

Ablative - special use -

of time: i) time WHEN something happened  ii) time during WHICH something happened

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Chapter 14 - i stem nouns; more uses of the ablati

Ablative Special Use continue -

  • accompaniment - with whom - *** + abl
  • manner - how? - *** + abl
  • instrument - by/with what was the action of the verb performed? - abl case alone

PARTITIVE GENITIVE - Part of the whole:

- Plus vini - more (of) wine

- Nemo amicorum - none of the friends

VOCABULARY

TURBA, TURBAE F.    CROWD DISTURBANCE            CIVIS, CIVIS M.     CITIZEN

PARS, PARTIS F.       SHARE/PART

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Chapter 16 - Third Declension Adjectives

Act as if they are i-stems. including ABLATIVE singular.

First Type -is, -e: gives the nominative m/f and n. singular., nominative gives the stem

Second Type -?, -is: gives nominative and genitive singular. nominative DOESN'T give stem.

(nominative neuter singular same as masculine and feminine)

masc/fem

omnis omnis omnem omnis omni omnî

omnes omnes omnes omnium omnibus omnibus

neuter

omne omne omne omnis omni omnî

omnia omnia omnia omnium omnibus omnibus

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Chapter 16 - Third Declension Adjectives (2)

If third declension adjective agrees with 1st or 2nd declension nouns the endings will be DIFFERENT.

Latin uses adjectives in four ways

- describing                        the brave men                   vires fortes

- nominative, as a complement                     the men are brave                viri sunt fortes

- noun or substantive                   fortune helps the brave                 fortuna fortes adiuvat

- After the noun in english              virtue made the men brave                  virtus fecit viros fortes

VOCABULARY

INGENS, INGENTIS        HUGE                           SENEX, SENIS               OLD (MAN)

CELER, CELERIS, CELERE               SWIFT                

REGO, REGERE, REXI RECTUM                I RULE

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Chapter 17 - Relative Pronoun

qui quae quod                             qui quae quae

quem quam quod                       quos quas quae

    cuius                                       quorum quarum quorum

     cui                                                  quibus

quo qua quo                                        quibus

ANTECEDENT - The noun to which the relative pronouns refers

CLAUSE - group of words including a verb

SUBORDINATE CLAUSE - a clause that is less important and does not make sense on its own

e.g. [when it is hot,] SUB  [I need a beer] MAIN

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Chapter 17 - Relative Pronoun (2)

VOCABULARY

QUI, QUAE, QUOD     WHO, WHICH                

INCIPIO, INCIPERE, INCEPI, INCEPTUM                I BEGIN

SUBITO            SUDDENLY

QUOQUE             ALSO

AUT                      EITHER

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Chapter 18 - The Present Passive System

Passive voice - the subject has the action done to it. Told the action by the preposition 'by'.

focus turned to person/thing that RECIEVES the action

Present system : r, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur

1st paror I am being prepared                     -                       1st paramur we are being prepared

2nd pararis you are being prepared               -                2nd paramini you (pl.) are being prepared

3rd paratur he is being prepared                        -                  3rd parantur they are being prepared

Infinitive - take off 'e' on the active infinitive and replace with 'i'

Imperfect system : bar, baris, batur, bamur, bamini, bantur

1st parabar I was being prepared        -       1st parabamur we were being prepared

2nd parabaris you were being prepared      -      2nd parabamini you (pl.) were being prepared

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Chapter 18 - The Present Passive System (2)

3rd parabatur he was being prepared     -    3rd parabantur they were being prepared

Future : bor, beris, bitur, bimur, bimini, buntur

1st parabor I will be prepared        -       1st parabimur  we will be prepared

2nd paraberis you will be prepared     -       2nd parabimini   you (pl.) will be prepared

3rd parabitur he will be prepared      -         3rd parabuntur   they will be prepared

VOCABULARY

LUDUS, LUDI      GAME, SCHOOL         IGNIS, IGNIS          FIRE            

FLUMEN, FLUMINIS         RIVER           TRADO, TRADERE, TRADIDI, TRADITUM  I HAND OVER

FERO, FERRE, TULI, LATUM         I BEAR             CUR        WHY       DEINDE        THEN/NEXT

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