Haloalkanes

—> an alkane in which a Hydrogen has been replaced by a Halogen (F, CI, Br, I)

• general formula : CnH2n+1 X
  (where X = Halogen (F, CI, Br, I)
• E.g. C4H9CI

1. Identify the largest Carbon chain (will tell you the prefix, e.g. Meth, eth, prop)

2. Use fluoro (F), chloro (CI), bromo (Br) and iodo (I), ensuring they are placed on the lowest no. Carbon.

3. Use di (2), tri (3) and tetra (4) for more than 1 halogen.

4. Write the name on alphabetical order (chloroform before ethyl).

5. The carbon with the most halogens attached gets numbered first.

6. If there is an equal number of halogens on each carbon, then the halogen that comes first alphabetically is on the lowest number carbon.

7. Halogens have priority over methyl groups.

• Longest chain of C = 3, so propane
• Chlorine attached to C no. 2, so 2-chloro

= name : 2-chloropropane