Haiti and Chile

• When?

January 12th 2010

• Where?

Focus:13km underground

Epicentre: 25km from Port-au-Prince (capital)

• How big?

7.0 on the Richter Scale

• Which plates?

Caribbean and N.American (destructive)

• When?

February 27th 2010

• Where?

Focus:34km underground - just off the coast

Epicentre: 115km from Concepcion (second largest city in Chile)

• How big?

8.8 on the Richter Scale

• Which plates?

Nazca and S.American (destructive)

• 220,000 people killed
• 300,000 people injured
• main port was badly damaged
• roads, cars and buildings damaged
• 8 hospitals and health centres were damaged or collapsed in Port-au-Prince
• many government building doestroyed
• 100,000 houses destroyed
• 200,000 houses damaged
• 1.3million Hatians were displaced

• 500 people killed
• 12,000 injured
• 500,000 homes were damaged
• several bridges and roads were destroyed
• much of the hospital in Talca was destroyed
• Santiago's airport was slightly damaged

• 2 million Haitians wre left without food or water
• Government efforts to control Haiti and the police force collapsed due to damaged government buildings
• critical aid and longer-term reconstrucion were prevented as the main roads were damaged
• people were living in tents and temporary shelters
• outbreaks of disease - by November 2010 there were outbreaks of cholera
• frequent power cuts
• dead bodies in streets under rubble created a health hazard in the heat so many had to be buried in mass graves

• much of Chile lost power, water supplies and communications
• several Pacific countries were hit by the tsumani set of by the earthquake
• fire at a chemical plant on the outskirts of Santiago meant the area had to be evacuated
• Chile's copper mines suffered little damage - (these are crucial to its economy)

• crucial aid was slow to arrive - blocked roads, airport couldn't cope with number of planes delevering aid
• American engineers and diving teams cleared the worst of the debris so waiting ships could unload aid
• USA sent ships, helicopters, 10,000 troops, search and rescue teams and $100 million in aid
• UN senttroops and police to set up a ''food aid cluster' to feed 2 million people
• bottle water and purification tablets were given out
• field hospitals were set up
• government moves 235,000 people to less damages areas
• wounded were flewn to nearby countries in helicopters

• quick response, rapid analysis of situation - within hours, they were asking for specific help from other countries
• Route 5 was quickly temporarily mended so that aid could be delivered
• ten days later, 90% of homes had their power and water restored
• national telethon raised $60 million - enough to build small emergency shelters for those whos homes had been destroyed

• Haiti would be dependend on overseas help to recover
• new homes would need to be built to a higher standard - costing billions of $
• large-sclae investment would be needed to bring Haiti's roads, electricity, water and telephone systems up to standard and to rebuild the port

• 1 month later - Chile's government launched a housing reconstruction plan to help about 196,000 households affected
• Chile's strong economy meant that it could recover without relying on foreign aid
• the country's huge copper reserves earn plenty of income to rebuild

• Haiti wasn't prepared
• weak government and little money
• Port-au-Prince was home to over 2.5million people - overcrowded and poorly built homes

• well prepared
• buildings were built to withstand earthquakes - reinforced concrete columns strengthened by a steel frame
• 2002 - government introduced a plan in th event of a disaster
• regular anti-disaster drills