Fat - AS1 - N&FS

1g = 9kcal

Concentrated enegy source

Fats = Lipids ( insoluble )

Triglycerides = transport & store = 1 Glycerol & 3 Fatty Acids

Fats = CARBON & HYDROGEN & OXYGEN

Fat broken = oxidation & energy release

• Carbon saturated with hydrogen
• NO double bond

• Stable
• Strong
• Rigid

• Not all carbon saturated with hydrogen
• DOUBLE BONDS

• Not rigid
• Flexible

Mono

• 1 double bond
• OLEIC
• Olive & Avocado

Poly = OMEGA 3 & 6

• 1+ double bond
• LINOLEIC
• Peanut & Sunflower seeds

Cis

• H atoms on same side
• Bend
• Natural form

Trans

• H atoms on opposite side
• Like line

• Cell membrane structure + energy+ metabolism ( stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE )

1. Energy reserve = subcutaneous + visceral + yellow bone marrow = deposited = meet higher energy demand eg. activity / pregnant 

2. Insulate layer = stop heat loss + maintain body temp

3. Fat layer = surround bones & organs (cushion)  = absorb shock = protect from trauma

4. Vitamin carrier = help absorb in intestine

5. Concentrated energy source = 9 kcal

Deficiency = Eyesight & nail & skin & kidney & growth &  problems 

Fat = 16-18 carbon atoms

• Body cant synthesis
• Building blocks for fats
• Polyunsaturated fatty acids
• Oils & fats

Functions:

• Make cell membranes ( nerve & brain & eye)
• Lower BP
• Nerve & immune & reproductive system
• Thin blood
• Lower cholesterol & triglycerides
• Make EPA ( nerve function ) & DHA (brain function)
• Make hormones (Prostaglandins & Eicosanoids)

Omega 3 ( abundant in brain & breast )

• Lower LDL & clots ( DOESNT LOWER LDL )
• Improve circulation
• Make eicosanoids ( organ function )

• Oily fish
  Pumpkin seeds

Omega 6

• Lower LDL ( LOWER HDL )
• Regulate body temperature
• Make prostaglandins ( regulate blood clots )

• Sunflower oil
  Corn oil

Cholesterol = fat like substance

• Build cell membranes & sex hormones

Lipoproteins = carry cholesterol

Activity = ^ HDL

TRANS FATS = metabolised like saturated fat = ^ LDL & lower HDL 

OILY FISH & PREGNANCY NEEDED