Chemistry C3 - Tests for gases and ions

Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy.

Oxygen will relight a glowing splint.

Hydrogen will make a squeaky pop when with a lit splint.

Ammonia turns red litmus paper blue.

When you add sodium hydroxide:

Ca2+ gives a white precipitate.

Cu2+ turns blue.

Fe2+ turns green.

Fe3+ turns brown.

Al3+ turns white then clear.

Na+ turns orange.

K+ turns lilac.

Ca2+ turns red.

Cu2+ turns green.

Carbonate Ions ----> 1) add hydroclauric acid
                                         2) gives of carbon dioxide

                                             
Sulphate Ions ----> 1) add hydroclauric acid
                                      2) add barium chloride
                                      3) white precipitate formed

Halide Ions  ----> 1) add nitric acid
                                 2) add silver nitrate
                                 3) precipitate formed
      
Nitrate Ions ----> 1) add aluminium
                              2) add sodium hydroxide
                              3) makes ammonia