BTEC Sport - Unit 2 (Single)

There are both positive and negative lifestyle factors. 

The positive lifestyle factors include:

• physical activity
• balanced diet
• positive risk-taking activities
• government recommendations

The negative lifestyle factors include:

• smoking
• alcohol
• stress
• sleep
• sedentary lifestyle

• Psychological:
  • improves mood
  • reduces depression
• Economic:
  • reduces cost to the NHS
  • reduces absenteeism
• Physical:
  • improves body shape
  • strengthens bones
• Social:
  • improved confidence
  • enhances self-esteem
• Reduced risk of chronic disease:
  • type 2 diabetes
  • cancer

• Benefits of a healthy diet:
  • maintaince of body weight
  • improves immune function
• Strategies for improved dietary intake:
  • timing of meals
  • five a day
  • reduced salt intake
• Eatwell plate (food groups) - 55%-60% carbs, 25%-30% fats, 15%-20% protein
• Fluid intake requirements

• Improves social skills
• Participation in outdoor and adventurous activities
• Endorphins released

• Physical activity - 1 hour a day until 18 years old, 120-150 minutes per weeks above 18
• Healthy eating - 5 a day, eatwell plate
• Alcohol intake - 12-14 units per week

• Cancer
• Lung disease
• CHD
• Bronchitis
• Infertility

• Cirrhosis
• Hypertension 
• Depression
• Stroke

• Depression
• Hypertension
• Angina
• Stroke
• Heart Attack
• Stomach Ulers

• Depression
• Over eating

• CHD

Health monitioring tests are tests that measure blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio. They are used by comparing an individuals results to the normative data and to monitor progress. You can use the individuals results to track progress and help set realsitic goals.

Eite athletes results are expected to be at the top end of what can be expected. 

The 4 health monitoring tests are:

• blood pressure
• resting heart rate
• BMI test
• wait-to-hip ratio

This is measured using a digital blood pressure monitor, wich provides a reading of blood pressure as: systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure.

The normative data for blood pressure are as follows:

• 120/80 is average
• 140/90 is above average
• 160/100 is high blood pressure

A high blood pressure could be caused by lots of stress.

Resting heart rate can either be done by manuallt measuring it via the radial artery in the wrist or using a digital blood pressure monitor. It is normally measured in beats per minute (bpm).

The normative data changes for each age group and then for men and women. The normative data are as follows:

• Men average is 70-76 across the ages groups
• Women average is 74-78 across the age groups

This is done by measuring an individuals body weight in kilograms and height in metres. You then divide their weight by their height. You then divide that answer with their height again to find the value for their BMI. It is then expresses as kg/m .

The normative data is as follows:

• <18.5 is underweight
• 18.5-24.9 is a healthy range
• 25-30 is above healthy
• >30 is classed as obese

Possible causes for a high BMI could be an unhealthy diet, and so more physical exercise could be suggests to try and los the weight.

To measure the wait-to-hip ratio, you need to measure the waist at the thinnest point and the hips at the widest point. You then divide the waist measurement by the hips measurement and to get the ratio.

The normative data are as follows:

• for men, 1 or more indicates that the individual is carrying too much weight
• for women, 0.85 or more indicates that the individual is carrying too much weight

A high waist-to-hip ratio could be a result of poor diet.