AQA GCSE Geography A Case Studies - Restless Earth 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyRock landscapes and processesGCSEAQA Created by: Kelsey LovellCreated on: 02-06-13 14:00 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI 2004 EFFECTS Primary Effects >200,000 dead 650,000 injured 2 million homeless In Sumatra, 80,000 homes destroyed 25m high waves Secondary Effects Cholera spread in camps killed 150,000 Incomes lost due to destruction of fishing boats Incomes lost due to damage to ocean floor Less tourism Documents lost to the sea resulting in land disputes 1 of 10 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI 2004 RESPONSES (IMMEDIATE) Immediate Responses International aid water tablets food shelter UK Government gave £75million UK public gave £100million donations totalled £375m one year later Disaster Emergancy Committee (DEC) gave £128million 2 of 10 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI 2004 RESPONSES (SECONDARY) Secondary Responses DEC spent £40million on building projects in Sri Lanka DEC built 20,000 homes for 100,000 homeless people Indian Ocean Warning System 2006 teached people how to respond buoys measuring water displacement connected to inland alarms Green Project in Aceh, Indonesia restoring mangroves = natural beach protection restoring fishing industries 3 of 10 MOUNT ST.HELENS ERUPTION 1980 KEY FACTS Cause Juan de Fuca plate subducting under North American plate = lava Key Facts Caused a 5.1 Richtor scale earthquake 18th May 1980 4 of 10 MOUNT ST.HELENS ERUPTION 1980 EFFECTS Immediate Effects Wiped out everything 27km north of the crater 57 killed 50 year old cedars uprooted 250 homes destoryed Lahars Secondary Effects 12% crops destroyed hunger Roads blocked $1.4million put into tourism area more well-known Refertilisation of soil more biodiversity Homelessness 5 of 10 MOUNT ST.HELENS ERUPTION 1980 RESPONSES Immediate Responses Search and rescue Cleaning roads of ash 2 million face masks distirbuted Rations, water and medicine supplied Secondary Responses 10million trees replanted Monitered by the US Geological Study Bridges rebuilt with wider structures to prevent them being washed away by future lahars Warning plans put in place 6 of 10 THE ANDES - FOLD MOUNTAINS (MINING) Mining Why is it good? Yanacocha gold mine is the biggest in the world Ranked in the top 10 countries for tin, nickel, silver and gold Problems? Increased crime rate because of increased population Cyanide used to extract gold can contaminate water Solutions? Create jobs elsewhere Use a different method of gold extraction 7 of 10 THE ANDES - FOLD MOUNTAINS (HYDROELECTRIC POWER) Hydroelectric Power Why is it good? Steep slopes Melting snow provides water supply Problems? Varying water supply = varying power supply Solutions? Find alternative power sources 8 of 10 THE ANDES - FOLD MOUNTAINS (FARMING) Farming Why is it good? Crops limit the downward movement of soil Creates a food supply Problems? High altitudes limit the types of crops that can be grown Steep slopes limit the types of crops that can be grown Solutions? Grown crops in lower valleys Terraces create flat land and help water retention 9 of 10 THE ANDES - FOLD MOUNTAINS (TOURISM) Tourism Why is it good? Area of outstanding natural beauty Peaks Glaciers Lakes Volcanoes Problems? Air, noise and visual pollution Solutions? Create attractions elsewhere 10 of 10
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