p1

Generating Electricity:

El
ectr
ici
ty
is
a ver
y conveni
ent
for
m of
energy
that
can
be
gener
ated
usi
ng
dif
fer
en t
ener
gy
r
esources.
Some
of t
hese r
esources
are
renewabl
e and
some
are
non r
enewable.
Each r
esour
ce…

The
ma i
n
nuclear
fuel
s are
urani
u m and
plut
o ni
um, wh i
c h
are radioactive metals. Nucl
ear f
uels
ar
e not
burnt
to
release
ene r
gy.
Inst
ead,
the fuels are involved in nuclear reactions i
n t
he
nucl…

The
w i
nd i
s pr
oduced
as a
resul
t
of
giant
convect
ion
curr
ents
in
the
Earth'
s
a t
mo spher
e,
w hi
ch
are
dr
iven
by heat
ener
gy
from t
he sun.
Thi
s means t
hat
the
kinet
ic
energy…

Wave energy
is whe n t
he
w ater
i
n the se a r
ises
and
fal
ls
because
of
w aves
on t
he sur
face.
Wave
machines use the kinetic energy in this movement t
o
dri
ve
elect
ri
ci
ty gener
ator
s.
Ti
dal…

v
o l
cani
c ar
eas,
the rocks may heat water
so t
hat
it
r
ises
to
the sur
face
natur
all
y as
hot
w at
er
and
s
team.
H er
e t
he
steam can be
used
to dr
ive
tur
bines
a nd
elect…

Sol
ar
panel
s do
not
generat
e el
ect
ri
ci
ty,
but
r
ather
t
hey
heat
up
w at
er.
They
are
oft
en
locat
ed
on
the
r
oofs
of
bui
ldi
ngs
w her
e t
hey
can r
ecei
ve heat
ener
gy
fr…

Ther
e ar
e
no fuel costs.
No harmful polluting gases
are
produced
.

Di
sadvant
ages
to
usi
ng
sol
ar
panel
s
:
Solar
cell
s ar
e
expensive and inefficient,
so
the
cost
of
t
hei
r el
e ct
ri
c i
ty
is high.
Alt…

Heat Transfer and Efficiency:

Heat
can be
tr
an sf
err
ed
fr
om place
to
place
by conduct
ion,
convect
ion
an d
r
adiat
ion.
Dark
ma tt
sur
faces
are
be t
ter
at
absor
b i
ng
hea t
ener
gy t
han
li
ght
s…

Li
quids
and gases ar
e f
lui
ds.
T he
pa r
ti
cl
es i
n t
he se
fl
uids
can
move f
rom place
to
place.
Con vect
ion
occurs
w hen
p ar
ti
cl
e s
w i
t
h
a
lot
of
heat…

Reducing heat loss:

I
n t
his
house,
Heat
i
s l
ost
:
t
hrough
the
roof

t
hrough
w i
ndow s

t
hrough
gaps around
the
door

t
hrough
the
w al
ls

t
hrough
the
fl
oo r

Heat
energy
is
tr
ansfer
red
fr
om…