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Advantages
- Absolutist/deontological view of morality à establish common rules à structure
communities
- NL = universality à idea
of common nature, morality for all
Goes beyond religion + culture à East vs. West?
- Seems rigid, but more flexible however if
the case has REASON. Secondary precepts make it more flexible.
- Appeals to thought that right and wrong
depend on more than personal opinion.
Childhood instincts tell us rights + wrongs.
Suggests instincts right
Appreciating that we have a faculty that we can use as well.
- Concrete reason to be moral à justification + support for certain core ideas popular in modern
times: HR + Equality
- Christian version of NL = combining faith
with reason
Respects our human ability to reason
- Acc to evolution à
naturally selfishly seek own survival à 1st
PP = self preservation, nothing wrong with evolutionary theory.
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Disadvantages
- Peter Atkins/Bertrand Russell - brute fact, just exists, by chance
- Dk purpose, Aq's reason for purpose - 1 interpretation
- Difficult to work out what is + isn’t natural – fact that a lot of things that were unnatural before, are natural now. Truly natural/Culturally acceptable? Definition of natural not agreed upon, diff to appeal to nature in making moral decisions.
- Aq= humans must preserve species T/f, every discharge of semen should be associated with life generation. Usage of genitals other ways immoral Don’t need all to produce human life
- If you follow Aq’s arg strictly, come up with absurd conclusions: teeth à canines = vegetarians wrong sex for procreation = infertile à no sex with spouses
- Is there just one purpose for humanity No universal purpose even if there is, doesn’t require every single person to be following it.
- Not everyone has same purpose à Jeremiah = Prophet, Mary = Mother of Jesus, Biblical view = God, diff plans + purposes for diff people. Aq responded = careful education of conscience + emotional maturity necessary for people to know what is right.
- Purposes tend to compete with each other + purposes conflict
- Not enough attention to doctrine of the Fall humanity = tainted due to sin of A + E Karl Barth à ppl recognise + accept revelation of God, only source of truth, rather than depending on fallible human reason
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