Vitamins and Minerals Mind map
- Created by: Rachel 1
- Created on: 21-11-15 13:12
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- Vitamins
- D
- Found in most food in very small quantity , produced under skin by the action of sunlight.
- Fat soluble, cannot be destroyed by cooking, very stable to heat.
- Added to Marg by law
- Found also in fatty fish and eggs
- Aids absorption of calcium in the small intestine to to ensure strong teeth and bones
- Lack of vitamin D can cause rickets
- People who are exposed to no natural light due to covering themselves in full clothing due to religious reasons can be more prone to rickets.
- Excess stored in liver and fatty body tissues
- Pregnant woman need lots to help growth of baby
- Found in most food in very small quantity , produced under skin by the action of sunlight.
- A
- Know as Retinol and Carotene
- Retinol is found in liver,eggs, butter, fish and oils
- 3 quarters of all vitamin A is found in
- Carotene is found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables. e.g. tomatoes, carrots and mangos
- Retinol is found in liver,eggs, butter, fish and oils
- Fat soluble
- E
- Known as Tocopherol
- Found in vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, egg yolk and cereals
- Stable when heated
- Does not dissolve in water
- Keeps lungs and red blood cells healthy
- Could prevent some cancers and protect against heart disease
- Can be used to preserve fats and oils ion the body
- Deficiency, rarely found
- Known as Tocopherol
- E
- Destroyed by heat and air
- Not lost in water
- Helps bone growth
- Aids night vision
- Deficiency can result in, dry skin, slow growth in children , impaired vision, eventually blindness
- Know as Retinol and Carotene
- E
- Known as Tocopherol
- Found in vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, egg yolk and cereals
- Stable when heated
- Does not dissolve in water
- Keeps lungs and red blood cells healthy
- Could prevent some cancers and protect against heart disease
- Can be used to preserve fats and oils ion the body
- Deficiency, rarely found
- Known as Tocopherol
- K
- Found in liver, leafy green veg, fruits, dairy products, veg oil, cereals and meat
- Essential for blood clottiong
- Regulates quantity of calcium in blood.
- Fat soluble and stable when heated
- Deficiency can cause blood not to clot, internal bleeding and anaemia.
- Vitamin K dificiancy can occur in new borns due to lack of vitamin K in the mothers breast milk
- Found in liver, leafy green veg, fruits, dairy products, veg oil, cereals and meat
- B
- Known as Thiamin, Niacin, Riboflavin and Folic acid
- Thiamin is found in Brazil nuts and peanuts
- Destroyed by heat
- Realises energy from fats and carbohydrate
- Niacin is found in dried peaches, peanuts and dried apricots
- Forms part of an enzyme which releases energy
- Riboflavin is found in almonds, mushrooms, spinach and broccoli
- Destroyed by alkili
- Releases energy from food
- Folic acid is found in green vegetables and potatoes.
- Lack of Folic acid can cause anaemia.
- Extra is required during pregnancy to ensure the baby is not born with spinabifida
- water soluble
- All found in cereals wheat-germ, yeast, meat fish, dairy produce pulses.
- Deficiency can lead to loss of appetite,confusion, cracked lips, dermatitis, diarrhoea, beri- beri, and slow growth in children.
- Lack of Folic acid can cause anaemia.
- Thiamin is found in Brazil nuts and peanuts
- Known as Thiamin, Niacin, Riboflavin and Folic acid
- C
- Found in citrus fruits, blackcurrants, potatoes, red and green peppers, tomatoes, and strawberries
- Deficiency
- Scurvy
- Poor skin
- Slow healing of wounds
- Water soluble
- Easily destroyed when heated
- Protects against infection and allergies
- Helps absorb calcium and iron
- Vitamins and Minerals
- Minerals
- Sodium
- Found naturally in fish
- Also added to most manufactured food
- Part of MSG
- Used to preserve food such as bacon and smoked fish
- Maintains extra cellular fluids in the body
- Needed in body
- excess can lead to high blood pressure and eventually kidney, liver and heart failure
- Extra needed in hot climates due to large amounts lost in sweat
- Found naturally in fish
- Flouride
- Found in seafood, fluoridated water and toothpaste
- Helps keep bones and teeth stong because it helps calciunm stay in them
- Combines with tooth enamel to keep the healthy
- Lack of can cause tooth decay
- Makes teeth resistant to the acid produced in the mouth
- Phosphoros
- Found in most plant and animal cells however most prominent in bananas, nuts meat and cereal products
- Function
- Aids the formation of teeth and bones
- Provides energy
- Deficiency
- Unknown in most humans
- Lack of can cause Tetany (twitching of hands and feet)
- Muscles may also become floppy (flaccid)
- Unknown in most humans
- Potassium
- Lack of can cause heart attacks
- Found in yeast extract, dried fruit, pulses, green leafy veg, whole grains and fruit jucies
- Function
- Allows electrolytes to move in and out of cells
- Allows nerves and muscles to function properly
- Helps remove excess sodium
- Can help prevent high blood presure
- Iodine
- Lack of can cause metabolism to be lowered
- Function
- Needed for the development of the nervous system of a foetus
- It is found in the thyroid gland where it is used in hormones needed to maintain metabolism and connective tissue.
- Found in seafood, seaweed,milk,meat and eggs
- Lack of can also cause a swelling of the neck called goitre due to the enlargement of thyroid
- Iron
- Found in liver, kidney, churned beef, curry power, white bread, treacle, dried fruit and cocoa ,plain chocolate and water cress.
- Helps transport oxygen tom all parts of the body.
- produces energy
- Functions
- Maintains cell functions.
- Important part of haemoglobin
- Oxygen carrying molecule in red blood cells.
- Need to be replaced
- When blood is lost
- Through menstruation
- After injury
- When blood is lost
- Need to be replaced
- Oxygen carrying molecule in red blood cells.
- More required during pregnancy
- Babies born with a good supply
- Deficiency leads to anaemia, lack of concentration and general health is affected
- Calcium
- Found in milk and cheese, also added to white bread by law, also in canned fish and hard water and green veg
- Function
- Works with phosphorous to strengthen bones and teeth
- Clots blood
- Needed for correct working of nerves and muscles.
- Deficiency can cause them yo not work properly
- Needs to be consumed every day to replace and make new bone
- Deficiency
- Can cause osteoporosis
- Teeth don't form properly
- Bones are not strong enough (rickets)
- Vitamin D aids its absorbtion
- Cellulose can affect its absorption, found in green vegetables
- Sodium
- Minerals
- D
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