Topic 3: Acids

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  • Topic 3: Acids
    • Indigestion
      • Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach in order to help digestion and kill bacteria.
      • INdigesion remedies are containing substances that neutralise excess stomach acid.
    • Neutralisation
      • Acids are neutralised by metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates to produce salts.
      • Hydrochloric Acid produces chloride salts
      • Nitric Acid produces Nitrate salts
      • Sulfuric Acid produces sulfate salta
    • Electrolysis
      • Electrolysis is a process in which electrical energy decomposes compounds.
        • The electrolysis of dilute hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen and chlorine.
      • You can test a gas for hydrogen by holding a lit splint in the mouth of the test tube. If a squeaky pop is heard, the gas is hydrogen.
      • You can test a gas for chlorine by holding a piece of damp blue litmus paper in the mouth of the tube. if the gas is chlorine the paper will turn red then turn white.
      • Water can be decomposed by electrolysis to form hydrogen and oxygen.
      • To test for oxygen, place a glowing splint in the mouth of the test tube. If it lights, the gas is oxygen.
    • Chlorine
      • Chlorine can be obtained from sea water by electrolysis.
      • Chlorine is a toxic gas. This leads to potential hazards associated with its large-scale manufacture.
      • Bleach is harmful to living things, but also reacts with many colored substances, converting them to colorless products. Chlorine bleaches are used in paper making.
      • It is also used in the manufacture of plastics such as PVC.

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