Topic 3 - mental health
- Created by: alliehxtch18
- Created on: 19-05-18 15:50
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- Topic 1- alternatives to the medical model
- behaviourist explanation of mental illness
- classical conditioning explanation of phobias
- Watson and Raynor outlined the case of little albert when he was made to have a phobia of rats, despite previously having no fear of them
- before conditioning .. baby albert allowed to play with rat.
- baby albert used, a boy who is scared of loud noises
- during conditioning.. when albert tried to pet the rat a loud noise would play, scaring him
- once conditioned.. albert was presented with the rat and he became scared and cried
- operant conditioning explanation of phobias
- this process of learning requires reinforcement to shape behaviour
- positive reinforcement: show some signs of anxiety when see a large dog, and the comfort from parents is then taken as a reward of this behaviour, then when they see a dog again, show signs of anxiety to gain the reward of comfort again
- negative reinforcement: someone with a lift phobia gets toward a lift, experiences anxiety. when they walk away anxiety is removed so encourages them to take the stairs every time.
- social learning theory explanation of phobias
- if a child sees a significant adult with a phobia, they may imitate this behaviour
- classical conditioning explanation of phobias
- cognitive explanation of mental illness
- Aaron Beck and the negative cognitive triad
- suggested there are 3 main dysfunctional beliefs in people with depression
- I am worthless or flawed
- everything I do results in failure
- the future is hopeless
- he says these are developed in childhood and later triggered by another event
- diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia suggests genes can create a predisposition for the disorder, but it only actually develops as a result of a stressor
- suggested there are 3 main dysfunctional beliefs in people with depression
- Albert Ellis and faulty cognitions
- that the individual is suffering from faulty, irrational or simply unhelpful thought patterns
- these irrational thoughts could cause & sustain mental disorders
- awfuling/catastrophizing cant-stand-its musterbating
- Aaron Beck and the negative cognitive triad
- psychodynamic
- conflicts between the ID, EGO and SUPEREGO can create anxiety depending on whether we satisfy our demands or not.
- a weak and ineffective ego could result in the ID not being controlled. may lead to loss of contact with reality.
- behaviourist explanation of mental illness
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