The Structure and function of the skeletal system
- Created by: alice_pegley
- Created on: 23-03-20 18:12
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- Skeletal System
- six functions
- Support
- enables us to stand and provides framework
- Protection
- protect body parts from impacts and injuries
- Movement
- allow muscles to contract when pull on bone and create movement
- Posture
- holds us upright and acts as framework
- Mineral Storage
- increase density and strength
- Blood cell Production
- produce red blood cells to carry oxygen
- Support
- Joints
- A joint is a place where two or more bones meet
- A synovial joint is a freely moveable joint lined with synovial fluid
- Hinge joints - allow movement in 2 directions only (flexion and extension) e.g. at the knee and elbow
- Ball and socket joints - allow movement in all directions (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, circumduction) e.g. shoulders and hips
- Movement
- Extension
- Straightening/extending limb
- angle at joint increases
- example: when arm is extended to catch ball in netball
- Flexion
- bending/flexing a limb
- angle at joint decreases
- example: when knee is flexed in sprinting
- Abduction
- Sideways movement of limb away from midline of body
- Adduction
- sideways movement of limb towards midline of body
- Rotation/Circumduction
- Rotation: bone turns about its longitudinal axis within the joint
- Circumduction a continuous circular movement of a limb around a joint
- Extension
- Structure and Function
- Ligaments
- tough connective tissue found between bones connecting bone to bone.
- prevent extreme movement and dislocation
- Cartilage
- soft connective tissue
- reduces friction and shock absorber
- Tendons
- muscles are attached to bones via tendons
- transmit power needed to move bones
- Ligaments
- six functions
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