the liver and detoxification
Teacher recommended
?- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 22-04-16 09:15
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- The liver
- veins and arteries
- the hepatic vein takes deoxygenated blood away from the liver
- the hepatic artery supplies oxygenated blood from the heart so there is oxygen for respiration to provide energy
- the hepatic portal vein brings blood from the duodenum and ilium (parts of the small intestine)
- the blood is rich In digestion products so any ingested harmful substances are filtered out and broken down straight away
- function
- to break down metabolic waste products and other substances that can be harmful
- it also controls glucose. lipid and amino acid levels
- it synthesises red blood cells in the fetus, red blood cells, plasma proteins and cholestrol
- storage of vitamin A,D,B12 iron and glycogen
- it breaks down hormones and destroys red blood cells
- components
- the bile duct takes bile ( a substance used by the liver to emulsify fats) to the gall bladder to be stored
- hepatocyte is a cuboidal shape with microvilli on the surface. the cytoplasm is dense with specialised organelles
- kupffer cell are liver macrophages, they move about within the sinusoids.
- detoxification
- amino acids contain nitrogen and nitrogenous substances cant be stored. however amino acids have a lot of energy so shouldn't be wasted
- deaminoation produces ammonia which is very soluble and very toxic. keto acid is also produced which enters respiration directly
- in the ornithine cycle ammonia is combined with co2 to form urea which is passed to the kidneys and filtered out
- in alcholol, ethanol is broken down by ethanol dehydrogenase to produce athanal
- ethanol is dehydrogenated by ethanol dehydrogenase producing acetate
- veins and arteries
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