geography, second half of human
- Created by: Ellenfgrand
- Created on: 12-11-17 13:23
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- The Human Environment
- classifying and using resources
- natural resource: any feature or part of the environment which can be used in the air, land or water
- biotic resources
- plants
- animals
- bacteria/fungi
- abiotic resources.
- minerals
- fresh water
- precipitation
- biotic resources
- how we have used recourses and changed the environment:
- deforestation
- eg. cameroon
- why we exploit: -for timber -for farming -for palm oil
- damage: -decline in habitats -affect micro-climates -soil erosion (loss of valuable soil) -soil into river= rivers can't hold so much = flooding
- overfishing
- eg. north sea
- exploit as fish is needed for protein
- affects: - less fish produced by natural reproduction, than there is fished -fewer fish=fewer prey for predators(so affects whole food chain)
- oil extraction
- eg. ecuador
- damage: -threat to indigenous people -piplines crack -waste pits filled with crude oil
- exploited as: underneath rainforests there is often a lot of oil, due to large amounts of biodiversity decomposing in the area.
- deforestation
- natural resource: any feature or part of the environment which can be used in the air, land or water
- definitions
- abiotic resources: non-living resources obtained from the lithosphere,atmosphere hydrosphere
- biotic resources: living resources, obtained from the biosphere and are capable of reproduction.
- renewable resources: type of energy which can be replenished and reused, mostly inexhaustible and can be replenished in a much smaller time scale
- nuclear energy: anomaly, renewable as it provides masses of energy from small radioactive material and little co2. BUT non-renewable as it producesco2 and requires mining of uranium
- non-renewable resources: are finite and will run out. it cannot be remade due to the process taking millions of years.
- nuclear energy: anomaly, renewable as it provides masses of energy from small radioactive material and little co2. BUT non-renewable as it producesco2 and requires mining of uranium
- non-renewable resources: are finite and will run out. it cannot be remade due to the process taking millions of years.
- energy mix: where countries use different energy reassures in varying proportions to meet demand
- sustainability: meeting the needs of the present, without comprimisingthe ability of future generations to meet their own needs,
- global distribution of resources:
- gold
- mainly found in northern hemisphere (witwaterstand basin (40% of gold come from))
- gold and diamonds found near volcanic areas. due to heat and movement of magma
- iron
- found in northern hemisphere
- found in iron- rich sedimentary rock (banded iron formation)
- coal
- found in northern hemisphere
- unevenly distributed due to peat formation at different times
- diamonds
- mainly africa, where volcanic activity has been
- farming
- biosphere create importatnreosursesfor people e.g. agriculture
- variations in soil and climate affects suitability for farming
- oil
- middle east due to fossil fuels
- forestry
- bisophere= foresty
- Northern hemisphere
- gold
- national distribution of resources
- oil and gas : north sea
- coal: nw england and scotland, northumberland, neath port talbot
- iron, south england
- arable farming: east anglia, nw Scotland, wales
- water resources : nw england
- forestry: nw, ne scotland. n England,s England
- global consumptionof energy
- global patterns of consumption
- someone is N america, consumes 90kg of resources per day. but someone in africa consumes 10kg per day.
- rapid development and living conditions,have causes an increase in the rates of global reassuresconsumption in countries e.g china/india
- global energy consumption
- coal and oil, located in middle east but GOV= unsustainable, so resources are not reliable
- estimatedin next 35 years, global consumption= increase by 56%
- due to increase in living standards in asia and india
- asias energy consumption, risen from 2931 mtoe (2000) - 5545 (2014)
- due to increase in living standards in asia and india
- distribution of resources, depends on location of fossil fuels, and were renewable resources can be harnessed
- global food consumption
- world is capable of feeding all its inhabitants, but because of greed it doesn't
- some countries have obesity others suffer from hunger
- world is capable of feeding all its inhabitants, but because of greed it doesn't
- global fresh water consumption
- 3% of earths water=drinking. 2% of which is in glaciers
- global supply of water=continuos. as a result of the hydrological cycle
- water distrubuted unevenly,due to different amounts of rainfall, evaporation and transpiration
- global patterns of consumption
- non -renewable resource: COAL
- advantages: 1.still large quantities of coal 2. mining coal=easy 3. mining coal=cheap 4.coal is efficient and generates large amounts of electric 5. mining=jobs 6.not weather dependant
- disadvantages: 1. burning coal=co2 (global warming) 2.mining coal=dangerous (cause deaths and illness) 3.equipment for mining=large and noisy affecting wildlife 4.limited stocks of coal remaining
- renewable energy resourse: WIND
- advantages: 1.can be tall, but take up small ground area 2.new tech=reduces sound 3.land which built on=profit for owners 4. does not require water 5.low price for consumer 6.does not release co2 7. turbines=efficient and cheap 8.inexhaustible
- disadvantages: 1.weather dependant 2.spoils view 3.cant store power and preserve it 4.noisy 5.offshore= expensive transmitter lines
- GLOBAL Energy mix
- dominated by non-renewable resources(more than 80%)
- could drop to 76% by 2020
- reasons for variation in energy mix:
- wealth
- government
- international policies
- level of development
- population
- environmental concerns
- energy demands
- energy resources available
- dominated by non-renewable resources(more than 80%)
- why is the energy demand increasing
- 1. population change 2.global variation in energy use in developed countries 3.technological dance 4.global shift in economic output 5.global shift in energy demand-developing countries
- classifying and using resources
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