Blood B2.3

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  • Created by: Revise17
  • Created on: 18-05-16 20:40
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  • The blood
    • Mass transport system- transporting materials and heat around the body.
    • The composition of blood
      • Platelets
        • Involved in blood clotting
        • When skin is wounded- release chemicals  that cause proteins  to forma mesh of  insoluble fibres across the wound
          • platelets and  red blood cells also get stuck in the mesh forming a clot that develops into  a scab
      • plasma
        • Straw-coloured liquid that makes up just over half the volume of blood.
          • Transports carbon dioxide, digested food, urea, hormones and heat
      • Red blood cells
        • Transport oxygen for aerobic respiration
        • Adaptations
          • Contain Haemoglobin a red protein that combines with oxygen (oxyhaemoglobin)  so that the oxygen can be transported to every cell in the body
          • No nucleus so that there is more space available for haemoglobin
          • Small and flexible so that they can fit through narrow blood vessels
          • Biconcave shape to maximise their surface area for oxygen absorption
            • more efficient diffusion because of the large surface area compared with the volume of blood
          • Thin cell membranes- this allows oxygen to diffuse through  more quickly
      • White blood cells
        • 25% are lymphocytes that produce  antibodies (soluble proteins)
        • Ingesting pathogens and producing antibodies
        • 70% are phagocytes that ingest and destroy pathogens such as bacteria

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