Structural economic change in Birmingham
- Created by: EEC2145
- Created on: 16-03-23 12:05
View mindmap
- Birmingham
- Pre-war
- Players
- De Bermingham family
- Purchased the royal charter in 1166 allowing them to have a market
- Trade increased and so did the place
- Purchased the royal charter in 1166 allowing them to have a market
- Matthew Boulton
- Established the first factory in 1761
- Allowed for 700 workers under one roof in his 'Soho Manufactory'
- Established the first factory in 1761
- Cadbury family
- Set up their Bourneville factory and model village
- Model village was for the employees to live in
- Set up their Bourneville factory and model village
- Banks like Lloyds and Midland banks were founded mid 19th century
- London to Birmingham railway opened 1838
- Austin Car plant
- Opened in 1906 at Longbridge
- Dunlop tyre company
- Established 1917
- Employed 10,000 by 1950s
- Established 1917
- De Bermingham family
- Sustained economic growth
- Led to population increase
- Survived the Great Depression through its metal working and the production of a chemical (Bakelite)
- Employment dominated by males
- Unemploymen-t was < 1%
- Large areas of terraced housing was built
- Population was overwhelmingly white in ethnic origin
- Air pollution was high from all the factories
- Players
- Post-war
- Unemployment reached 19.4%
- Players
- OPEC countries
- Oil crisis of 1973 meant oil prices increased tenfold
- Meant it was cheaper to produce cars in other countries
- TNCs in other countries
- Meant it was cheaper to produce cars in other countries
- Japanese car manufacturers were seen as more reliable and a better value for money
- VW, Renault, Peugeot
- Government
- Tried to get investment in other places instead of Birmingham as they were 'more critical'
- Cleared out small industry premises
- Then charged extortionate rent that was unaffordable for businesses starting up
- Created a green belt
- OPEC countries
- Housing
- 5000 houses were destroyed in the war
- 110,000 substandard housing was built in its place
- 400 tower blocks were built
- 5000 houses were destroyed in the war
- Immigrants came to Birmingham
- Clustered where there was cheap housing and good access to employment
- Huge amount of low-skilled jobs available
- Diverse food and clothing shops appeared
- Recent regeneration
- Players
- Government
- Attracted inward investment
- Construction of the National Exhibition Centre (NEC)
- Flagship developments
- More public spaces like the Centenary Square were developed
- Victoria Square, Council House and the Town hall have been refurbished
- Bull Ring indoor shopping centre
- National indoor Arena
- Attracted sporting events
- 2003 World Indoor Athletics
- Commonwealth games 2022
- Attracted sporting events
- Universities
- 3 universities
- Student population of 50,000
- Government
- Transport
- HS2
- To London 50mins
- HS2
- Players
- Pre-war
Comments
No comments have yet been made