B1 Staying in Balance mindmap
- Created by: Spanish
- Created on: 30-04-16 13:23
View mindmap
- Staying in balance
- Homeostasis
- Keeping a constant internal environment
- Homeostasis involves balancing bodily inputs and outputs
- Automatic control systems keep the levels of temperature, water and carbon dioxide steady.
- This makes sure that all cells can work at their optimum level
- Negative feedback controls are used in homeostasis
- Negative feedback systems act to cancel out a change such as a decreasing temperature level
- Temperature Control
- The body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius is linked to the optimum temperature for many enzymes
- A high temperature can cause; heat stroke, dehydration
- To avoid overheating sweating increases heat transfer from the body to the environment
- The evaporation of sweat requires body heat to change the liquid sweat into water vapor
- A low temperature can cause hypothermia which can be fatal if not treated
- Blood temperature is monitored by the hypothalamus gland in the brain. Reaction to temperature extremes are controlled by the nervous and hormonal systems, which trigger vasoconstriction or vasodilation
- Vasoconstriction is the constriction (narrowing) of small blood vessels in the skin. This causes less blood flow and less heat transfer
- Vasodilation is the dilation (widening) os small blood vessels in the skin. This causes more blood flow near the skin surface resulting in more heat trasnfer
- Vasoconstriction is the constriction (narrowing) of small blood vessels in the skin. This causes less blood flow and less heat transfer
- The body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius is linked to the optimum temperature for many enzymes
- Control of blood sugar levels
- A hormone called insulin controls blood sugar levels.
- Hormone action is slower than nervous reactions as the hormones travel in the blood.
- Type 1 diabetes is cause by the pancreas not producing any insulin, so must be treated by doses of insulin
- Type 2 diabetes, which is caused either by the body producing too little insulin or the body not reacting to it, can be controlled by diet
- Insulin converts excess glucose in the blood into glycogen, which is stored in the liver. This regulates the blood sugar level
- Insulin dosage in type 1 diabetes needs to vary according to the person's diet and activity. Strenuous exercise needs more glucose to be present in the blood, so a lower insulin dose is required
- Insulin converts excess glucose in the blood into glycogen, which is stored in the liver. This regulates the blood sugar level
- Type 2 diabetes, which is caused either by the body producing too little insulin or the body not reacting to it, can be controlled by diet
- Homeostasis
Comments
No comments have yet been made