Social Influence

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  • Created by: 12dellm
  • Created on: 09-01-16 11:11
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  • Social Influence
    • Type of conformity
      • Compliance - gain approval
      • Internalisation - acceptance of their views
      • Identification - associated with a group
      • Informational influence - desire to be right
      • AO3 Difficult to distinguish / research support african americans / research support smoking take up
      • Normative social influence - aviod disapproval
    • Research on Obedience Asch & Zimbardo
      • 40 volunteers participants real one was a teacher had to administer shock levels up to 450v
      • AO3 Ethical issues / internal validity / individual differences / historical validity
      • Situational factors
        • Proximity - obedience dropped SPACE
        • location - dropped by 48%
        • Bushman - power of uniform
    • Explanations for Obedience
      • Legitimacy of Authority - person must perceive an individual in a position of social control
      • AO3 Cruelty / doesnt explain nazis / LA justfies harm / loss of self control
      • Agentic State - person acts as an agent to carry out another persons wishes
    • Authoritarian Personality
      • Authoritarian Personality - a distinct personality pattern characterized as absolute obedience to authoirty
        • F scale - developed in california as a meausre of authoritarian traits
      • Elms & Milgram - 20 obediant and defiant ptcs completed a MMPI & F scale + asked open ended questions
        • little difference on MMPI / Higher levels of authoritarian in obedient ptcs
      • AO3 Lacks flexibility / obedient parents had better relationship with parent  / education / correlation between RWA & maximum voltage shocks
    • Resistance to social influence
      • Social Support - enables individuals to resist conformity / breaks unanimity / disobedient were viewed as role models
      • Locus of control - internal & external
      • AO3 external LOC were easily persuaded / Rosenstrasse protest / more effective from first responder / LOC related to normative but not informational influence
    • Minority Influence
      • AO3 flexibility in jury / real value of minority influence / majority processes the information more / difficult to convince
      • Moscovici et al -
        • consistent minority influence naive ptcs to say green 8% / inconsistent exerted little influence
        • 4 naive ptcs and 2 confederates shown blue slides G1 consistent G2 inconsistent
      • Minority and behavioral style
        • Wood et al - consistent
        • Flexible
        • Commitment
    • Social Inlfuence processes in social change
      • AO3 Minority influence is latent / perceived as deviant limits influence / Schultz energy level / communist manifesto
      • Minority influence - drawing attention to an issue 2) cognitive conflict 3) consistency of position 4) argumentation principle 5) snowball effect
      • Majority influence - social norm intervention correct perception through advertising actual norms e.g. Most of us don't drink and drive
    • Variables affecting conformity / social roles
      • Variables affecting conformity
        • Group size
        • unanimity of the majority
      • Key Studies
        • Stanford prison expeiment
          • male volunteers assigned either prisoner or guard roles
            • AO3 Not automatic / ethical / response to powerful demand characteristics
              • guards became trynnical and abusive with prisoners / prisoners conformed showing extreme behaviour
          • guards became trynnical and abusive with prisoners / prisoners conformed showing extreme behaviour
        • Asch - participants viewed lines of different lengths / confederates gave same wrong answer
          • conformity rate was 33% / without confederates only 1% failed / avoid disaproval
          • AO3 Child of its time / cultural differences / dont understand effects on size / unconvincing confederates
        • BBC - Reicher and Haslam
          • male volunteers matched on social and clinical measures
          • neither guards nor prisonsers conformed / prisoners collectively challenged the authority of guards
      • AO3 Child of its time / cultural differences / dont understand effects on size / unconvincing confederates
  • Group size

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