Schaffer's Stages of Attachment
Revision Mindmap, main points about Schaffer and Emerson
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?- Created by: monae.estelle
- Created on: 26-04-16 11:17
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- Schaffer's Stages of Attachment
- Method
- 60 babies, 31 male, 29 female
- All babies from Glasgow, skilled working class families
- Researchers asked mothers questions about the kind of protest their babies showed in seven everyday situations
- Researchers assessed stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
- Separation Anxiety= Distress shown by an infant when separated from an attachment figure
- Sttranger Anxiety= Distressshown by an infant when approached by an unfamiliar person
- Aim:
- To investigate the formation of early attachment , mainly at the age it developed
- Findings
- Between 25 and 32 weeks of age 50% of babies shown separation anxiety towards a particular adult (usually mother)
- Attachment was show towards the caregiver who was most interactive and sensitive to infant signals and facial expressions
- By 40 weeks 80% of the babies had a specific attachment and almost 30% displayed multiple attachments
- Stages of Attachment (develop in 4 stages)
- Stage 1: Asocial stafe
- Baby recognises and forms bonds with carers
- Behaviour towards non-human objects and humans are similar
- Show preference for familiar adults e.g. ones that calm them
- Stage 2: Indiscriminate Attachment
- 2-7 months display more observable social behaviour
- Accept cuddles and comfort from any adult do not show the two anxiety types
- Indiscriminate attachment because attachment isn't different to any one person
- Stage 3: Specific Attachment
- Around 7 months babies start to display anxiety towards strangers
- Become anxious when sepeartaed from a particular adult usually mother
- Baby has performed specific attachment the adult is called the primary attachment figure
- The one that offers the most interaction to the infant
- Stage 4: Multiple Attachments
- Extend the attachment behaviour with other adults they spend regular time with
- Called secondary attachments
- 29% children have secondary attachments within a month of forming primary attachment
- 1yrs majority of infants develop multiple attachments
- Extend the attachment behaviour with other adults they spend regular time with
- Stage 1: Asocial stafe
- Method
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