Respiration
- Created by: umar2312
- Created on: 29-04-17 20:41
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- Respiration is a series of enzyme-controlled reactions carried out by all cells to release the chemical energy stored in sugar.
- Respiration
- Basic Equation= Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
- The first step of both processes start in the cytoplasm of the cell with the substrate glucose. The glucose is broken down in a series of steps to two molecules of a three-carbon compound called pyruvate. (glycolysis)
- Aerobic Respiration
- If there is oxygen available then the pyruvate enters a mitochondrion and the process continues with the production of ATP, CO2 and H2O
- Up to 38 molecules of ATP can be produced this way.
- If there is oxygen available then the pyruvate enters a mitochondrion and the process continues with the production of ATP, CO2 and H2O
- Fermentation
- If there is no oxygen available then the pyruvate does not enter the mitochondrion
- In animals lactic acid is produced.
- Not as much ATP is produced (only 2)
- In plants and yeast it is converted into ethanol and CO2.
- Not as much ATP is produced (only 2)
- In plants and yeast it is converted into ethanol and CO2.
- In animals lactic acid is produced.
- If there is no oxygen available then the pyruvate does not enter the mitochondrion
- Aerobic Respiration
- Respiration can sometimes take place when there is no oxygen or insufficient oxygen available. Plants and animals can all respire without oxygen to some extent
- if oxygen is available then respiration is described as aerobic respiration.
- if oxygen is not available then respiration is described as anaerobic respiration or fermentation
- Respiration
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