Religious Fundamentalism
- Created by: Chloe
- Created on: 30-05-13 16:53
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- Religious Fundamentalism
- SBC
- Tithe - giving to church 10% income
- SBC got together to cooperate on missions.
- E.g. NARTH Reformation of society.
- But they resist Ecumenism they won't work easily with other religions don't want to dilute their message
- They are however ready to help convert other Christians.
- family resemblance - separatism
- Ammerman Armstrong
- Challenge to mainstream religion, they argue others are so desparately trying to maintain unity that they lose the inerrancy of the Bible and dilute the Gospel
- Rejection of Alcohol
- Revolutionise- political activism
- Revolution against Abortion
- That we call upon Southern Baptists to work for legislation that will allow the possibility of abortion under such conditions as ****, incest, clear evidence of severe fetal deformity, and carefully ascertained evidence of the likelihood of damage to the emotional, mental, and physical health of the mother
- Similarities/ Difference from mainstream
- Women, ordained in mainstream, SBC you can't run the church
- Strict and clear beliefs different to liberal CofE beliefs
- More politically involved in SBC
- Similar foundations of faith
- Acceptance of others, working with others.
- Use of modernisation. difference and similarity - difference - rejecion of modern secularisation eg separation of Church and state. Similarity - Using modern technology to promote religion
- Taliban - rejected entertainment on televisions, smashing them. Used radio however to promote Sharia Law despite wanting to return to age of 1,400 years ago.
- Christianity - Falwell, Robertson on televangelism and Bakkers on PTL.
- Scandal with Jimmy Bakker.
- Taliban
- Behavioural / Distinctive practices
- Approach to homosexuality
- SBC transform eg Cross ministry, Taliban kill eg toppling walls.
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- Approach to homosexuality
- Education
- Madrassas opened.
- Evidence: Taliban closed 63 schools in 3 months in Kabul
- Opium
- Shows their selectivity. as a family resemblance
- Women
- Return to the Fundamentalis
- Charismatic and authoritative male learders play a large role - martin R Appleby - family resemblance.
- homosexuality - paint them in tar and dragged around behind a car, Rashid evidence. Evidence the SBC - homosexuals cannot be a church member, they have transformational ministries. They don't believe it is acceptable because of their scripture. Inerrancy of Scripture. Returning to fundamnetals.
- Behavioural / Distinctive practices
- Christian
- Bible colleges, BJU Dwight moody Bible instutes
- Higher Criticism challeneged a lot of Christian belief
- A way of deconstructing the bible from a rational view point to analyse the Bible. It was a tool to determine the validity. So HC showed the first 5 books of the bible were not likely to have been written by moses due to the age.
- Challenged the authority of Scripture. and challeneged the religious belief, according to Armstrong, inerrancy was a result from this challenge and this is how Flism developed.
- Mary probably wasn't a virgin, likely to be a metaphor from the way it was written
- A way of deconstructing the bible from a rational view point to analyse the Bible. It was a tool to determine the validity. So HC showed the first 5 books of the bible were not likely to have been written by moses due to the age.
- Origins of Flism started in the 20thC
- But the roots of that can be traced back to the start of protestantism - the reformation.
- The reformation was essentially a reaction to the corruption and secularism of catholicism at the time
- This was followed by reason and enlightenment -17th and 18thC.
- The reformation was essentially a reaction to the corruption and secularism of catholicism at the time
- But the roots of that can be traced back to the start of protestantism - the reformation.
- The Presbyterians of Princeton.
- mythos and logos. KA says before the age of E scripture and religio n was interpreted in a mythos way, truth was taken from stories and parables. but from the modernising world where science was creating a logos world. People struggled to understand
- Ruthven disagrees here - science was replacing religion and so humans started to interpret everything in a logos manner and this is the way we began to deal with our existence becase science was starting to e xplain waay life. Arm says logos
- But we also had this mythos way of thinking connecting with us on a deeper level which didn't rely on empirical proof a way of dealing wiht life. Armstrong says with the enlightenment we lost our abillity to live in this way and this in a mythos manner and we become depressed. Armstrong explains that we became like this because we tried to everything scientifically but logos ouldn't answer those deeper q's and we become lost.
- Religion reacting in the face of the fear of annihilation. This is new and hasn't been done before. Religious people began to read the bible as a structure and plan for how to live their lives, it was people looking for observable facts from religion not just symbolism. Armstrong says this is new and hasn't been taking like this before and isn't how it should be taken.
- Malise - religion was always supposed to be taken as a way to prescribe the way to live our lives. He uses groups that live out religious practical action. Martyrs for example have always and still are practicing matyrdom.10 commandments
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- But we also had this mythos way of thinking connecting with us on a deeper level which didn't rely on empirical proof a way of dealing wiht life. Armstrong says with the enlightenment we lost our abillity to live in this way and this in a mythos manner and we become depressed. Armstrong explains that we became like this because we tried to everything scientifically but logos ouldn't answer those deeper q's and we become lost.
- inability to think mythically 0 armstrong says this is the foundational cornerstone of all religious fundamentalism.Since flism reacts to these modern changes and people starting to take their text as history and science spurs on the reactions of Christians and leads to the germination of Flism.
- Ruthven disagrees here - science was replacing religion and so humans started to interpret everything in a logos manner and this is the way we began to deal with our existence becase science was starting to e xplain waay life. Arm says logos
- Fear of annihilation
- Pluralism
- Modernity 'loss of soul'
- Jews
- yeshivots
- Different definitions
- Hartman: Without modernisation and secularism there would be no fundamentalism
- modernity relies on scientific discover, Hartman therefore shows that Fundamentalism is a reaction to secularism and science.
- Karen Armstrong
- Family resemblances
- Ian Lustick
- Mencken
- Mencken argued that the dull-witted “fundamentalist mind” could no longer even understand opposition to its religious beliefs
- A Religious **** in Tennessee: A Reporter's Account of the Scopes Monkey Trial
- In Dayton, Tennessee, in July 1925 plagued by its population of “yokels,” “hillbillies,” and “the lower orders,”
- Mencken argued that the dull-witted “fundamentalist mind” could no longer even understand opposition to its religious beliefs
- Hartman: Without modernisation and secularism there would be no fundamentalism
- Compare the Taliban and the SBC
- Emergence and development
- With us or against us attitude in taking over
- Moral manachaeism either in or out characteristic
- Both start off with the attitude that something needs defending
- Fear of annihilation - Armstrong characteristic
- passing numerous resolutions sticking to Scripture
- Taliban issued sharia Law SBC issued resolutions
- Taliban kick off due to concern for people. SBC may not have happened without Roe vs Wade and abortion.
- Taliban born of a war like society and big difference between how they emerged. The SBC emerged in a democratic way, elections etc.
- In both cases the development has been urged on by male leadership eg Paige Patterson in SBC and Taliban has Mullah Omar etc. Strong charismatic male leaders.
- With us or against us attitude in taking over
- Key beliefs
- Attitudes to Women, similarity in concept of different roles of genders.
- To different extremes
- Taliban refused women to work but SBC passed 1980 resolution urging employers to seek fairness for women.
- Strict interpretation of Sharia and inerrancy of Scripture for SBC.
- But Perhaps the Taliban corrupted their vision of perfect Sharia Law with the incorporation of Pashtunwali
- But SBC diluted their vision by having their beliefs corrupted by modern American culture.
- Society should be challenged, not an enclave culture.
- Initial aims of Taliban were to disarm population,
- Capital punishment - supprted by both. SBC do not practise it however, Taliban do.
- Attitudes to Women, similarity in concept of different roles of genders.
- Distinctive practises
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- Emergence and development
- Age of enlightenment - science and the early scientific discoveries causing people to question the religions that had been taken as truth previously.
- Modernising spirit vs
- Pluralism
- Science replacing religion as main authority. - Darwin publishes origin of species. Scopes Trial. Science replaces religion as the perceived source of truth for some which challenges religion. The Capurnican revolution where the church said this is the way the universe is organised but Gallileo in the age of enlightenment came up with a different and the correct version of how the universe weas organised,
- Conservatives thought things were moving too fast and there was a fear of A that religion would become marginalised in the face of pluralism and secularism. They are worried that their religion will disappear.
- SBC
- Education - separate religious ones,
- Separatism characteristic Ammerman
- Enclaves - Armstrong - secularisation?
- Reformation, rejection, Revolutionise
- not overly enclave culture they vehemently voice their views so not neccessaraly always separate
- Distinctive practise
- similar and element of mission but they are different in that they take that to the extreme beyond most denominations
- Challenge etc to Society
- Reform - Homosexuality
- NARTH
- Education - 6000 ministries to educate people to become similarly minded
- Rejection of evolution
- Bible institutes - Dwight Moody
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- Reject - Alcohol
- Publishing - lifeway ministry. Pamphlets etc
- Reform
- Reform - Homosexuality
- secularisation of Church and state
- Influence on education
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