Religion, Humanism, arts and learning
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- Created on: 18-02-19 14:41
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- Religion, humanism, arts and learning
- Function of the church
- all people belong to Catholic Church
- Church provided popular entertainment
- guild and confraternity offered charity
- easier for political elite to maintain social control
- employment opportunities- Cardinal Wolsey
- Erastain relationship:State had authority over church
- H7 could use the wealth of church how he pleased
- most senior figure in church usually from senior rank of aristocracy
- clergymen often had legal training to perform duties to church and state
- had a range of administrative and management skills
- Religious belief
- Eamon duffy:Church central to religious experience
- medieval belief that prayers made together was more powerful than those made alone
- church provided a framework for how a person through and acted
- offered various ways how a person acquires grace to spend little time in purgatory
- following was required to reach heaven
- baptism,confimation,marriage,anoiting of the sick, penance,holy orders and eurcharist
- belief in transubstantiation: bread and wine changed into body and blood of christ by ordained priest
- Corpus Christi was a feast of Catholic Church, increasing emphasis on transubstantiation
- mass important as sacrifice performed by priest on behalf of community , sacred ritual which the whole community acted in
- Church social role
- dying would often leave money to parish church to pay for service materials
- for remembrance and less time in purgatory of the benefactor
- benefactor would leave money to the chantries as their donations as a way of benefiting from the religious experience:wy dissolution of chantries is not good
- chantries function was intercession for ones soul
- confraternity provided for mass, church fabric and socialisation, raised funds for church-ale festivals
- popular and Wealther confraternities could be sources of local power
- pilgrimage may have slowed down after Thomas a Kempis was critical of pilgrimage practise
- pilgrimage showed religious devotion
- simpler pilgrimage called Rogation Sunday where people walked round parish boundaries with parish cross to ward off evil spirits
- individual religious experience was important esp. to mystics who believed in personal communication with God
- dying would often leave money to parish church to pay for service materials
- Religious orders
- Monks
- 1% of adult males in 1500 were monks
- Came from a range of social backgrounds
- monasteries recruited from localities
- friars
- relied on chritable donations
- mainly recruited from lower the social scale
- chistorpherHarper-Bill: by end of 1400s the days of the friars were over
- various orders of friars received money in wills from benefactors
- nunneries
- less popular as women were deemed to be unmarriable
- relatively poor apart from Syon
- Monks
- Humanism
- development of the renaissance interested in establishing Latin and Greek translationsto purify religious text
- Grocyn lectured on the ideas of Plato and Aristotle
- Colet saw humanism as. way of reforming Church
- Erasmus epitomised the sprit of new learning
- Even though printing began in 1477, it has little to do with humanist ideals
- during H7 humanism had little influence
- intellectual life dominated by tradition medieval scholastic philosophy
- during H7 humanism had little influence
- Education
- 53 new grammar schools between 1460 and 1509
- latin was central to grammar schools
- although reforms by Magdalen College Oxford, English was a byproduct of latin teachings
- Oxford expanded colleges but stopped after 1450s
- Cambridge had several new colleges due to funding by Lady Margret of Beaufort
- Drama
- important for festival occasions
- drama presented at church-ale festivals
- Music
- accompanied drinking songs
- choral music renaissance from single lined chants to polyphonic choral music
- Art
- most churches built in gothic perpendicular style- quite primitive
- early on printing press printed Canterbury tales and chivaric romances
- When H7 died, humanism emerged from Italy
- Works by Erasmus, ThomasMore and Colet was more fashionable
- Anticlericalism
- lollards placed stress on bible translation to English
- sceptical of transubstantiation
- thought catholic church was corrupt
- denied the idea of special status of priesthood
- lollard were considered heresy and popularity declined after failed lollard uprising1414
- heresy was introduced as an act by brurining in 1404
- some people believe that anticlericalism was widespread
- Haigh believedthat anticlericalism was rare and politically motivated
- lollards placed stress on bible translation to English
- Function of the church
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