Realist Theories of Crime & Deviance 4
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- Created on: 30-09-20 15:09
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- Realist Theories of Crime & Deviance 4
- Right Realism
- Right realism sees crime, especially street crime, as a real and growing problem that destroys communities, undermines social cohesion and threatens society's work ethic
- Right realist views on crime correspond closely with those of neo conservative governments during the 70s and 80s when policy makers argued that 'nothing works'
- Right realists criticise other theories for failing to offer practical solutions for tackling crime
- Right realism sees crime, especially street crime, as a real and growing problem that destroys communities, undermines social cohesion and threatens society's work ethic
- Wilson and Herrnstein (1985): Biological Causes of Crime
- Claim that crime is caused by a combination of biological and social factors
- Biological differences between individuals make some people innately more likely to commit a crime
- e:g traits such as aggression, extroversion, risk taking and low impulse control put some people at greater risk of offending
- Similarly, Hernnstein and Murray (1994) argue that the main cause of crime is low intelligence, which they also see as biologically determined
- Biological differences between individuals make some people innately more likely to commit a crime
- Claim that crime is caused by a combination of biological and social factors
- Murray (1990): Socialisation and the Underclass
- Charles Murrary argues that crime is increasing due to the growing underclass or 'new rabble' who are defined by their deviant behaviour and who fail to socialise their children properly
- According to Murray, the growing underclass is a result of welfare dependancy
- Murrary argues that the welfare state's 'generous revolution' since the 60s has allowed increasing numbers of people to become dependant on the state
- This has led to the decline of marriage and the growth or one parent families as women and children can live off benefits. This also means men no longer have to be responsible for supporting the family so no longer need to work
- Lone mothers are ineffective socialisation agents for boys and absent fathers mean that boys lack parental discipline and appropriate male role models
- As a result of this young males turn to other, often delinquent, role models on the street and gain status through committing crime
- Lone mothers are ineffective socialisation agents for boys and absent fathers mean that boys lack parental discipline and appropriate male role models
- This has led to the decline of marriage and the growth or one parent families as women and children can live off benefits. This also means men no longer have to be responsible for supporting the family so no longer need to work
- Charles Murrary argues that crime is increasing due to the growing underclass or 'new rabble' who are defined by their deviant behaviour and who fail to socialise their children properly
- Clarke (1980): Rational Choice Theory
- Ron Clarke argues that the decision to commit crime is a choice based towards rational calculation of the likely consequence
- If the rewards are seen to outweigh the costs then an individual will be more likely to offend
- Right realists argue that the perceived costs of crime are low which is why there is a high crime rate
- In their view, there is often little risk of being caught and punishments are lenient anyway
- Right realists argue that the perceived costs of crime are low which is why there is a high crime rate
- If the rewards are seen to outweigh the costs then an individual will be more likely to offend
- Ron Clarke argues that the decision to commit crime is a choice based towards rational calculation of the likely consequence
- Right Realism
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