Presidents and Foreign Policy
- Created by: edie cooke
- Created on: 05-05-13 15:27
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- Presidents and Foreign Policy 1897-1912
- William McKinley
- Spoke of need to avoid wars of conquest and territorial aggression.
- By 1898 taken USA to war against Spain and had started to build American Empire in Latin America and the Pacific
- Encouraged American involvement in China in order to expand trade and protect existing commercial interests.
- Collapse of imperial rule in China was attracting interest around the world and McKinley did not want to miss out.
- Wanted an 'open door' to China.
- This policy stated that all European nations and the USA could trade with China and was upheld by Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson.
- Wanted an 'open door' to China.
- Collapse of imperial rule in China was attracting interest around the world and McKinley did not want to miss out.
- Always claimed had not been motivated by greedy imperialism but by a 'civilising mission' to aid development of less advanced peoples.
- Boxer Rebellion about preserving Chinese independence, 2nd Note adds to first one (John Hay). Preserve Chinese Empire.
- Teddy Roosevelt
- Blatant supporter of imperialism.
- In foreign affairs he coined the phrase 'speak softly and carry a big stick.'
- Fear of German imperialism.
- in 1904 he turned his actions into a theory.
- Set out the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
- Stated that the principle that the USA had the right to exercise international police power in Latin America if there were 'flagrant cases of wrongdoing or impotence'.
- Justifying America's involvement.
- Not clear, could twist and justify how they want.
- Set out the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
- By end of his presidency had got US involved in affairs of Panama, Venezuela, San Domingo and Dominican Republic.
- Dominican Republic, 1905 US took over finance.
- Imperialism was all part of showing the world that USA was a power to be reckoned with and that American policy would fully control its own 'back yard'.
- Platt Ammendment, Cuban constitution.
- Gives America right to intervene if independence is threatened. Lasts until 1930's.
- William Howard Taft
- Continued to support interventionist policies, favoured avoiding direct colonialism.
- Famous for DOLLAR DIPLOMACY.
- Used American financial power to secure economic domination in Latin America and China.
- He described his actions as 'substituting dollars for bullets.'
- For example American bankers sent to Nicaragua in 1912 to control economy after became worried about mining interests after 1909 revolution.
- He described his actions as 'substituting dollars for bullets.'
- Was unpopular with both imperialists and anti-imperialists.
- The former saw it as underhand colonialism, latter wanted America t be more open about its imperialist ambitions.
- Used American financial power to secure economic domination in Latin America and China.
- Went to great lengths to help developing American business interests in foreign areas.
- Sent troops in to Nicaragua to maintain government which was friendly to American commercial interests.
- William McKinley
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