Powers of the President
- Created by: Davny
- Created on: 29-11-17 14:41
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- Powers of the President
- Propose legislation
- State of the union address main way of doing this
- Laid out in Article II
- Happens annually in January or February
- Examples
- Obama 2010- announced support for small businesses and financial reforms
- Trump 2017- repeal of Obamacare and infrastructure improvement
- Can do it whenever they please through press conference and public events
- State of the union address main way of doing this
- Submit annual budget
- Most important piece of legislation
- Office of Management and Budget draws up federal budget for executive
- Part of the Executive Office of the President
- Budget is then submitted to Congress
- Followed by lengthy bargaining process
- Shows presidents priorities
- Trumps made cuts to science, research, the arts and social welfare but increased homeland security and border security
- Also similar to Obama's final year at $4.1 trillion
- Environmental agency down 30%
- Sign legislation
- Most likely reaction
- Bill signing ceremonies often held with interested parties being present
- Obama 2010- Obamacare ceremony
- Edward Kennedy's widow present
- Marcelas Owens present
- Obama 2010- Obamacare ceremony
- Vetoing legislation
- Even treat of veto can be used to bargain
- Washington to Bush Jr 1,000 vetos were used
- Bush Jr and Veto
- Only 64% success rate (third lowest of any president)
- Took him 6 years to use it
- Pocket vetos
- Clinton, Obama and Bush Jr only used once
- Bush Sr used 15 times
- Act as Chief Executive
- Established in first 15 word
- Modern presidents have had EXOP and cabinet to help
- Includes firing
- James Comey 2017
- Nominating executive branch officials
- Includes all department heads, ambassadors, agency heads and members of regulatory commissions
- Continues through presidency but most important for incoming presidents
- Nominate all federal judges
- Not just Supreme Court but that is the most important
- Act as Commander in Chief
- Particularly important between 1940s to 1980s
- Cold War
- Post cold war not as important until 9/11
- Congress's checks
- Constitutional says Congress must declare war but hasn't since 1941
- President now asks them to authorise use of troops
- Started to decline after passage of Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)
- 'All necessary measures'
- Power of the Purse main check, no money= no war
- Particularly important between 1940s to 1980s
- Negotiate treaties
- Examples
- Reagan- Strategic arms reduction
- Bush Sr- Chemical Weapons Ban
- Obama- Nuclear arms treaty with Russia
- Senate's check
- Must ratify by 2/3
- Rejected 7 in 20th Century
- Treaty of Versailles
- 1999 Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
- Examples
- Pardon
- Used in varying frequencies
- Obama- 212 times
- Bush Jr- 189 times
- Nixon- 926 times
- Final day pardon
- Clinton Jan 2001- 140 pardoned
- Obama Jan 2017- 64 pardoned
- Can also reduce sentence they feel are unfair
- Used in varying frequencies
- Head of State
- Most clearly seen in times of tragedy
- Mourner-in-chief/ comforter-in-chief
- Weeks following 9/11
- Hurricane Sandy 2012
- Sandy Hook 2012
- Most clearly seen in times of tragedy
- Propose legislation
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