Russia 1855-1964 Peasants
- Created by: lilygharris
- Created on: 28-05-18 16:53
View mindmap
- Peasants
- Living conditions
- 90% of pop. 1855, 70% by 1950s
- Regional variation, also class variation eg. Kulaks
- Izba, single room wooden hut heated by an oven/ sleeping platform. Animals and family in hut. Cramped, cold, damp but cheap to construct
- Stalin introduced 'special' housing blocks on the periphery of new collective farms.
- Kulaks given worst housing in barracks or forced into tented shelters in fields under communists
- Khrushchev constructed self contained 'agro-towns', built cheaply and quickly to a poor standard
- Working conditions
- Prior dictated by natures clock, quality of soil, the weather and innate ability of the farmer
- Worsened under communists, seen only as food producers for urban dwellers
- Emancipation Edict 1861- freed serfs but redemption payments and mir
- Stolypin's 'Wager on the storng' created Kulaks
- War Communism- kulaks acused of grain hoarding, cheka requisitioned grain/ imprisoned kulaks who were deemed to be against the revolution
- NEP- attitudes towards Kulaks changed, seen as more 'cultured and educated' peasants, but still persecuted to an extent -> paid higher taxes, disenfranchised, children prevented from attending state schools
- Collectivisation changed the fortunes of the peasants, Kulaks viewed as incompatible, dekulakisation, 1-3 million kulak families were deported to work camps in Siberia
- Stalin, similarly to Witte, exported grain to use the resultant capital to finance industry, meant more strain on grain supplies for peasants adn workers
- Dekulakisation disaapeared under Khrushchev, but the VGL put peasants under pressure to increase productivity
- Living conditions
Comments
No comments have yet been made