Partner Violence and Victim Blame
- Created by: poppy24463
- Created on: 14-05-20 13:00
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- Partner Violence
- Aggression
- IPV
- aggression occuring between members of couples in current or former relationships (dixon and bowen, 12)
- Violence
- aggression with extreme harm as goal (e.g. death)
- Partner Violence
- any incident of controlling, coersive, threatening violence or abuse between those aged 16+, who are or have been intimate partners or family members
- Controlling Behaviour Scale (graham-kevan and archer, 08)
- 24 items
- 5 themes: economic (4), threatening (4), intimidating (3), emotional (3), isolatory (3)
- any behaviour directed toward another individual carried out with intention to cause harm
- perpetrator must believe behaviour will harm target
- target is motivated to avoid behaviour
- IPV
- Serious Crime Act (2015)
- offence in relation to controlling or coersive behaviour in intimate or family relationships (repeatedly or continually with serious effect on victim)
- Conflict Tactics Scale
- straus et al., 96/97
- criticisms
- acts considered out of context and consequences not considered (dobash et al., 92)
- response format
- does not measure self defence/initiator
- Victim Impact
- women
- more likely phys/sexual abuse
- men
- more likely verbal abuse
- taken less seriously, don't consider it a crime, harsher penalties
- more likely verbal abuse
- psych control and phys violence associated with depression, poor health, substance use
- LGBT
- at least as frequent as hetero women
- specific aspects different e.g. forced outing
- women
- Victim Blame
- THEORIES
- Attribution Theory (heider, 58)
- Just World Hypothesis (hogg & vaughn, 14)
- Fundamental Attribution Error
- Actor-Observer Effect
- Defensive Attribution Hypothesis
- percieved similarity to victim (more similar = more positive)
- more likely to blame victim if not like us
- defense mechanism to protect observer from being blamed themselves
- percieved similarity to victim (more similar = more positive)
- attribute others behaviour to stable dispositional causes and own behaviour to situational/ external
- Defensive Attribution Hypothesis
- attribute others behaviour to their stable disposition (despite evidence of environmental factors
- Actor-Observer Effect
- victims deemed responsible for own misfortune (bad things happen to bad people)
- as we need to see world as predictable, controllable and safe
- Fundamental Attribution Error
- describes way we attribute responsibility
- process info with aim of explaining what happened
- Just World Hypothesis (hogg & vaughn, 14)
- Attribution Theory (heider, 58)
- Offender Perspective
- Cognitive Distortion - offence-supportive beliefs help offender to minimise/ justify (ward and casey, 10)
- Grubb & Turner, 12 - men victim blame more, more blamed women violating gender roles. women drank blamed more
- Whailey, 96 - revealing clothing = more responsible, character 'less respectable' = blamed more
- Alcohol - disinhibitory effect, blame attribution, double standard
- THEORIES
- Aggression
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