P3
- Created by: superlouasaur
- Created on: 05-04-15 11:52
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- P3- Sustainable energy
- Energy sources
- Energy is conserved
- Primary energy sources- naturally occur or can be found
- Electricity is a secondary energy source
- Fossil fuels are built up over millions of years by the decay of plants and animals
- Produce pollutants
- Our current energy sources are not reliable
- Measuring energy
- Energy used on an electrical device can be measured using a meter
- The energy depends on:
- The power rating on the appliance
- The time it is on for
- Power is the rate energy is used
- 1 watt is 1 joule of energy per second
- One kilo-watt is a thousand watts
- Energy used(J/KW)= power rating (W/KW)x time (s/h)
- Cost of energy(p)= units used (w/kw)x price
- Power (W) = Voltage x current (A)
- Daily energy use (kWh per day)= energy needed to produce the item (kWh)/ number of days the item lasts
- Global problems
- Richer countries use more enrgy
- Efficiency
- Efficiency= useful energy transferred/ energy supplied to appliance x100
- Sankey diagrams
- Branching arrows show how energy is transferred
- Width indicates the amount of energy
- Generating electricity
- Generators work using electromagnetic induction
- Move a magnet through coils of wire
- More coils, faster
- Causes voltage induction
- Rotate magnet near coil
- Alternating current
- Move a magnet through coils of wire
- More coils, faster
- Move a magnet through coils of wire
- Alternating current
- Burning fuels
- Thermal power stations
- High pressure steam made from burning fuel
- Turns turbine
- Turns generator
- Goes to a transformer then to elctricty lines
- Turns generator
- Turns turbine
- High pressure steam made from burning fuel
- Thermal power stations
- Reducing waste
- Burning fuel produces CO2 and other waste products
- Burning natural gas is more efficient
- Nuclear power
- In a nuclear reactor uranium atoms split into lighter atoms
- Releases energy (heat)
- Used to heat water to create steam
- Releases energy (heat)
- Both the fuel and waste are radioactive
- Contamination- When it gets inside something
- Irradiation- exposure to radiation
- In a nuclear reactor uranium atoms split into lighter atoms
- Renewable
- Solar power
- Using photovoltaic panels
- Hydroelectric
- Using the power of water flowing from higherground
- Wind power
- Wind turns turbines
- Waves
- Bio fuel
- Solar power
- Distributing electricity
- National grid
- Network of wires and transformers
- More efficient to use a higher voltage
- Use transformers
- Step up transformer- Output is bigger than input and current is reduced
- National grid
- Energy sources
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