ODC THEORY AND TREATMENT
- Created by: nhurdiss
- Created on: 01-04-19 10:58
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- OCD
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Compulsions: repetitive behaviors completed for temporary relief from anxiety
- Praying, counting, collecting, washing
- Obsessions: unwanted and intrusive thoughts, often unpleasant and causing disgust and anxiety
- Symmetry, sex, violence, contamination
- Behavioral component; compulsive ritual
- Cognitive component; obsessive thinking
- Compulsions: repetitive behaviors completed for temporary relief from anxiety
- BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
- genes
- SERT GENE
- mutation associated with low mood and depression
- Ozaki et al - two families had SERT mutations and 6/7 family members had OCD
- mutation associated with low mood and depression
- COMT GENE
- Variations linked to increased dopamine and stereotyped movement
- AO3
- SERT GENE
- neural
- BASAL GANGLIA
- Linked to coordination of movement
- MAX et al: disconnection of BG from PFC reduced OCD symptoms
- Linked to coordination of movement
- THE 'WORRY CIRCUIT'
- Orbito-frontal Cortex (OFC) sends worries to the Thalamus via the Caudate Nucleus
- Damage to the CN leads to amplification of worries, no neutralization occurs
- Orbito-frontal Cortex (OFC) sends worries to the Thalamus via the Caudate Nucleus
- NTs
- Dopamine; High level linked to compulsions, basal ganglia.
- Sukel (2007); high levels lead to oversensitivity
- Serotonin; low level linked to anxiety, OFC & CN
- Walker (2009); low levels may lead to malfunction
- Dopamine; High level linked to compulsions, basal ganglia.
- AO3
- BASAL GANGLIA
- genes
- NON BIOLOGICAL THEORY
- mowrer's two step process
- NS becomes associated with anxiety through CC
- Obsessions maintained by avoidance, negative reinforcement
- Learned Helplessness
- Negative childhood experiences that are unavoidable
- Behavior is accepted, compulsions created to cope with anxiety
- Negative childhood experiences that are unavoidable
- AO3
- NS becomes associated with anxiety through CC
- mowrer's two step process
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Anxiety
- Compulsions
- Relief
- Obsessions
- Anxiety
- Compulsions
- Relief
- Obsessions
- Obsessions
- Relief
- Compulsions
- Anxiety
- Obsessions
- Relief
- Compulsions
- SSRI treatments are successful, so NTs must be implicated
- Aetiology fallacy
- Face validity; phobic stimuli generating anxiety makes sense
- CBT is most common treatment; ignores cog aspect of obsessive thinking
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