OCR 21st Century - B3
A mindmap based on Biology topic 3 - Life on Earth
- Created by: Holly
- Created on: 12-05-13 16:20
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- Biology -Life on Earth
- Species - group of organisms that breed together
- Adaptation
- can increase the chance of surviving so they can reproduce
- Food webs
- interdependence of living
- extinction
- when environment changes, organisms are not adapted to it
- new diseases
- new predators
- new competion
- e.g. dodo bird
- Sun
- photosynthesis
- energy transferred between organisms is an ecosystem
- only 10% energy is passed to the next level
- rest of the energy
- decomposers
- heat energy
- excreted and passed to decomposers
- calculate energy
- 1. Calculate the total energy e.g. 4,500kJ + 500kJ = 5,000kJ
- 2. Identify how much energy is transferred to the next level:500kJ
- 3. (Energy transferred to next level ÷ Total energy in) X 100(500kJ ÷ 5,000kJ) X 100 = 10%
- Adaptation
- The Carbon Cycle
- powered by photosynthesis
- CO2
- The combustion of fossil fuels releases CO2 in to the air
- they decompose + broken down by microorganisms. Release CO2 back into the air by respiration by breaking down
- The combustion of fossil fuels releases CO2 in to the air
- plants/animals die + become decomposers
- Both animal/plants respire releasing CO2
- CO2
- they decompose + broken down by microorganisms. Release CO2 back into the air by respiration by breaking down
- plants/animals die + become decomposers
- Both animal/plants respire releasing CO2
- Eating plants passes the carbon compounds in the plants to the animals in food chains
- Plants convert the carbon from CO2 in air to sugars. Then in to carbohydrates, fats and protein
- powered by photosynthesis
- Plants convert the carbon from CO2 in air to sugars. Then in to carbohydrates, fats and protein
- Eating plants passes the carbon compounds in the plants to the animals in food chains
- Both animal/plants respire releasing CO2
- plants/animals die + become decomposers
- they decompose + broken down by microorganisms. Release CO2 back into the air by respiration by breaking down
- Eating plants passes the carbon compounds in the plants to the animals in food chains
- Plants convert the carbon from CO2 in air to sugars. Then in to carbohydrates, fats and protein
- Plants convert the carbon from CO2 in air to sugars. Then in to carbohydrates, fats and protein
- CO2
- Both animal/plants respire releasing CO2
- The Nitrogen Cycle
- Nitrates
- Ammonia
- Putrefying bacteria
- Soil nitrates
- Absorbed
- Plants
- Feeding
- Animals
- Urea
- Putrefying bacteria
- Urea
- Animals
- Death
- Animals
- Urea
- Urea
- Dead organisms
- Ammonia
- Ammonia
- Animals
- Feeding
- Plants
- Lightning
- Atmosphere
- Nitrogen fixing bacteria
- Made into protein
- Nitrogen fixing bacteria
- Atmosphere
- Absorbed
- Ammonia
- Nitrates
- Theory of Evolution
- living things existed 3,500 million years ago
- Selective breeding
- where we choose the characteristics
- Farmers use selective breeding to increase milk yield in cattle, produce larger eggs from chickens and obtain more grain from wheat
- Mutations - changes occur to the genes
- Origin of life
- Jean - Baptisite Lamarck
- inheritance of acquired characteristics
- theory predict that all organisms gradually become complex, and simple organisms disappear
- Jean - Baptisite Lamarck
- The improtance of Biodiversity
- Biodiversity - a wide variety of life
- Classifications
- according to similarities + differences in characteristics
- physical features
- arranged in an order
- a large group containing many organisms with a small number of characteristics in common, such as a kingdom
- a small group containing fewer organisms with more characteristics in common, such as a species.
- according to similarities + differences in characteristics
- Monoculture
- continuous production of one type of crop that is often genetically uniform
- disadvantage: If pests + disease attacked the crop it could harm it easily, so farmers use pesticides. .
- Species - group of organisms that breed together
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