Nervous and Hormonal Communication
- Created by: Bethy96!
- Created on: 29-01-15 11:12
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- 5.1
- Responding to environment
- Animals increase chances of survival by responding to changes in their external environment
- Plants increase their chances of survival by responding to changes
- A change in the internal or external environment is a stimulus
- Receptors detect stimuli & effectors produce a response
- Receptors can be cells or proteins on cell surface membranes.
- There are lots of different types of receptors that detect different stimuli
- Effectors are cells that bring about a response to a stimulus to produce an effect
- Effectors include muscle cells and cells found in glands e.g. the pancreas
- Receptors communicate with effectors via nervous system or hormonal system & sometimes both
- Electrical Impulses
- 3 main types of neurone
- Sensory
- Transmit electrical impulses from receptors to the CNS
- Motor
- Transmit electrical impulses from CNS to effectors
- Relay
- Transmit electrical impulses between sensory neurones and motor neurones
- Sensory
- 1) Stimulus detected by receptor cells & an EI is sent along a sensory neurone
- 2)When an EI reaches end of neurone, neurotransmitters (chemicals) take info across to next neurone which then sends an EI
- 3) CNS processes the info, decides what to do & sends impulses along motor neurones to an effector
- The nervous system is made up of 2 systems
- CNS
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Peripheral nervous system
- Somatic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
- Parasympathetic
- Sympathetic
- CNS
- 3 main types of neurone
- Responding to environment
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