N4/5 DNA and the production of proteins
- Created by: BP(
- Created on: 09-10-22 14:11
View mindmap
- DNA and the production of proteins
- Protein synthesis
- mRNA
- Stands for Messenger/Messengery Ribonucleic acid
- Produced in the nucleus
- Carries the complementary copy of the genetic code to cytoplasm, so that it can be used in ribosomes for protein synthesis.
- Along mRNA, thymine is replaced by uracil
- Proteins
- Amino acids
- Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins
- They are produced during translation, within the ribosomes
- Coded for by triplets of bases along mRNA
- Determine specific characteristics such as hair/eye colour
- Explanation of how genes determine eye colour
- Amino acids
- Protein synthesis is the process in which proteins are produced
- Protein synthesis has two stages; transcription and translation
- Within stage 1 - Transcription, mRNA copies the DNA of a gene
- Within stage 2 - translation, mRNA is used to form amino acids within a ribosome
- Explanation of translation and transcription
- Protein synthesis has two stages; transcription and translation
- 3D video showing the process of protein synthesis
- mRNA
- DNA structure
- DNA
- Bases
- DNA is made up of 4 bases; Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
- Bases always come in pairs called the complementary base pairs; A - T and G - C
- Bases connect using hydrogen bonds. These bonds are generally considered to be weak.
- Stands for Diroxyribonucleic acid
- Carries the genetic code which determines the characteristics of an organism
- Nucleotides
- Nucleotides are the sub units of DNA.
- Nucleotides consist of a phosphate, a deoxyribo sugar and a base
- Phosphates and sugars join using strong chemical bonds. These bonds are considered to be strong.
- Nucleotide structure
- In animal, plant and fungal cells, DNA is found in the mnucleus. In bacterial cells, it is found within the single bacterial chromosome.
- DNA is unique to each individual
- Bases
- Genes
- Genes are made up of DNA
- Genes are passed on from parent to offspring
- They code for the production of a specific protein
- Chromosomes
- Chromosomes are made of coiled DNA
- Are found within every living cell
- DNA
- Quizlet set on DNA and the production of proteins
- Protein synthesis
Comments
No comments have yet been made