Cognition - Lecture 7 (Human Cognition pt.2)
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- Created on: 04-04-16 13:23
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- Lecture 7 - Human Cognition pt. 2
- Behavioural measure - lab tasks for probing single word identification. Phenomena observed:
- -Word superiority effect: accuracy of letter identification is greater in the context of a word than a matched non-word.
- -Frequency effects: reaction time (RT) for lexical decision, categorisation, and naming are shorter for words that are more frequent in the language.
- -Sentence context effects: RTs for lexical decision and naming are shorter when a word is presented in a sentence context of which it's a plausible continuation.
- Eye fixation - provides a relatively natural, online method for investigating critical psycho-linguistic methods
- Fixation durations in natural reading are influenced by frequency, context...so lab tasks requiring single word recognition provide a reasonable approximation to 'natural' reading
- A serial search model (e.g. Foster, 1976)
- Encode spelling pattern
- Compare one at a time to each word-form stored in the mental dictionary
- If match found, retrieve meaning and/or pronunciation; if not, continue search
- For efficiency, the search is in order of frequency in the language; hence a match will be found faster for a higher-frequency word.
- Modified serial model (Foster and Murray propose):
- Mental lexicon of word-forms is divided into "bins"
- A quick & dirty initial process categorises spelling pattern to select appropriate bin
- Serial search (frequently ordered) within that bin
- Behavioural measure - lab tasks for probing single word identification. Phenomena observed:
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