TB3 P&C; Topics

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  • Created on: 07-05-15 15:36
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  • TB3 P&C Topics
    • Lecture 1; Cognitive Psychology
      • Historical perspectives
        • The American Behaviourist tradition
          • Radical Behaviourism
          • Skinnerian theories
          • Association ism
      • Animal cognition
        • Latent learning and cognitive maps
      • Cognitive psychology v.s behaviourism
        • Linguistics
      • Information theory
        • Stage models
        • Sub systems
        • 'Hardware' and 'software' analogy
    • Lecture 2; Visual cognition
      • Mental representations and processes
        • Iconic memory, visual code and name code
      • Mental imagery
      • Mental rotation effects
      • Structural depictions
        • Ambiguous figure research
        • Shape relation research
      • Dual-format-representational systems
    • Lecture 3; Verbal reasoning
      • Types of logical reasoning
        • Inductive
          • Focused on probabilities and common sense! E.g the sun rose everyday of my life, so therefore it will rise tomorrow morning
        • Deductive
          • Deals with certainty, e.g is p then q, propositional logic and syllogisms
      • Wason card selection task
        • Can test for...
          • Context effects and confirmation biases (using counter examples to test rules)
          • Abstract v.s concrete concept use
          • Use of social contracts in reasoning
      • Characteristics of human reasoning
        • Clearly humans differ from 'cold logic machines', we are error prone (fast and frugal...), but we are making increasingly predictable mistakes
      • Heuristics and bias approach to human reasoning- the 'adaptive toolbox'
        • The mind has specific heuristics to solve particular types of problems commonly faced in the environment
          • These include 'shortcuts'-'fast and frugal' heuristics in order to quickly perform! (but not necessarily accurately...!)
      • Frequenist reasoning
        • Reasoning using natural frequencies rather than using proportions, probabilities and percentages
    • Lecture 4; Effective learning and memory
      • Association ism
        • Contingecy
        • Frequency
        • Reinforcement
      • Law of...
        • Effect (If A has a pleasent consequence after B then likely to be repeated)
        • Exercise (more often A follows B, stronger the bond)
      • Paired association learning
        • Shows rote learning not effective, disproving SR theories
          • Importance of relational encoding!
            • Specifically, distinctive, unique relations
      • Organisational factors in memory
        • Shows rote learning not effective, disproving SR theories
          • Importance of relational encoding!
            • Specifically, distinctive, unique relations
      • Depth of Processing
        • Can range from 'shallow' (e.g structural/ visual) to 'deep', which supports better memory (e.g categories/ sentences)
      • The importance of testing for learning
        • Repeated testing NOT repeated study
          • Also highlights the importance of retrieval and feedback for learning
    • Tutorial; Learning and memory are much more than just SR theory

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