Issues Relating to Genetic Manipulation
- Created by: Bhansongal98
- Created on: 02-05-17 13:11
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- Issues Relating to Genetic Manipulation
- Microorganism e.g. E. coli
- Produce Human Insulin to treat Diabetes
- Produce HGH to treat pituitary dwarfism
- May transfer antibiotic resistance to wild bacteria
- HOWEVER - GM bacteria require an essential nutrient and do not survive long outside the lab
- Plants: Bt tobacco and Bt maize
- Bt plants produce their own pesticide which eliminates the need to spray crops
- Bt toxic to monarch butterflies
- HOWEVER, monarch butterflies don't feed off tobacco or maize nectar anyway so continue to thrive
- Plants: Soya Beans
- Herbicide Resistant: Weeds surrounding crops can be killed without harming crop
- Potential for herbicide resistance to be passed on creating 'superweeds'.
- Golden Rice
- GM rice contains Beta Carotene (the precursor for Vit A) to prevent child blindness in third world countries
- Farmers may have to buy the seeds every year
- HOWEVER: the company that developed golden rice has offered free licences to farmers to keep and replant seeds
- Plantains
- Nutritionally enhanced (enzyme cofactor used for regulating insulin)
- People fear eating food containing foreign DNA will cause traits to be expressed in us
- HOWEVER: all food we eat contains DNA and it is digested using enzymes, nucleases and nuleotidases
- Crop Plants
- GM to be pest resistant to prevent farmers needing to spray pesicides
- Concerns raised as to giving the farmers the choice which crop seeds to buy
- Pathogens
- GM viruses have no virulence to reduce the chance of vaccine recipients becoming ill
- Allele may be inserted into the genome in a way that increases risk of cancer or interferes with gene regulation
- Mice
- GM mice bred for medical research and testing into the function of certain genes and the development of breast cancer therapies
- Animal testing objections
- HOWEVER: Strict animal welfare regulations and benefits for human health
- Pharmaceutical Proteins
- Human pharmaceutical proteins (e.g. alpha antitrypsin to treat emphysema) can be inserted into goats and sheep and the human protein harvested from their milk
- Welfare concerns of GM sheep and goats
- HOWEVER: Strict animal welfare regulations and benefits for human health
- Silk
- GM goats produce silk due to spider gene inserted into their genome. Silk is used for cables, sutures, artificial ligaments and bullet proof vests
- Welfare concerns of GM sheep and goats
- Microorganism e.g. E. coli
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