Insomnia
- Created by: amberoliviashortman
- Created on: 19-04-15 17:15
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- Insomnia
- insomnia is a sleep disorder known as a 'dysomnia': characterized by problems with the length or quality of sleep
- Insomnia involves problems with falling asleep, a reduction in sleep quality or issues with maintaining sleep
- Insomnia symptoms are common in everyone so we need a clear diagnostic criterea
- Insomnia involves problems with falling asleep, a reduction in sleep quality or issues with maintaining sleep
- Morin et al stated that to have insomnia an individual must have one or more of the following
- sleep onset latency of 30mins+; increased night time waking; sleep efficiancy of less than 85%; symptoms occuring 3 or more times a week
- Morin catagorised insomnia as;
- Transient-lasts less than a week; short term- occurs 1-4 weeks; chronic- occur 4 weeks+
- Primary insomnia- chronic with no obvious cause
- Idiopathic insomnia- a type of primary insomnia, it is life long occurring from childhood- there is some evidence it is caused genetically
- Seccondary insomnia- related to psychological, physical or sleep related issues ( e.g. a result of sleep apnoea)
- Morin et al- found that 40% of insomnia sufferers have a psychological disorder such as depression or anxiety
- Medical conditions like asthma and treatments for asthma (steroids) can cause insomnia
- also drugs, alcohol, and overuse of sleeping pills can cause insomnia
- personality factors
- influence the classification of insomnia hugely
- Wickens- Einstein had 10 hours of sleep
- but the least amount of sleep documented is 1 hour
- Wickens- Einstein had 10 hours of sleep
- Meddis- the average amount of sleep is 7.5 hours
- However Van Dongen et al- found no difference between long and short sleepers- it is purely individual
- clinical anxiety can cause insomnia- supported by the success of CBT in reducing anxiety and insomnia
- Heath- high levels of disturbed sleep correlates with high levels of neuroticism
- Vahtera et al- vulnerability to sleep disorders increases after traumatic life events
- influence the classification of insomnia hugely
- Chronotype and Genetics
- Chronotype relates to the genetically predetermined 'morning type' (lark) personality or 'evening type' (night owl)
- Kirkhoff and Van Dogen- a lark's circadian rythem is 2 hours ahead of night owl's
- their pattern is controlled by endogenous pacemakers
- chronotype is unchangeable but age can impact 'owl' or 'lark' personality
- Kirkhoff and Van Dogen- a lark's circadian rythem is 2 hours ahead of night owl's
- Van Dongen et al- there are some aspects of sleep that suggest heritibility, but there's lots of room for environmental factors
- Chronotype relates to the genetically predetermined 'morning type' (lark) personality or 'evening type' (night owl)
- Gender
- Morin et al- found that 60% of patients at a sleep clinic are female- correlating with the fact that women have higher neuroticism
- Heath- high levels of disturbed sleep correlates with high levels of neuroticism
- Morin et al- found that 60% of patients at a sleep clinic are female- correlating with the fact that women have higher neuroticism
- but
- still no definitive answer as to why we sleep
- studies western bias
- still no definitive answer as to why we sleep
- insomnia is a sleep disorder known as a 'dysomnia': characterized by problems with the length or quality of sleep
- reductionist- only two types of sleeper
- 'nature' deterministic
- too many individual differences
- 'nature' deterministic
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