Impacts of the Carbon Cycle on land, oceans, climate change+ the atmosphere
- Created by: keirah47
- Created on: 02-11-22 17:40
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- IMPACTS OF THE CARBON CYCLE
- LAND
- carbon cycle is responsible for soil formation + development
- carbon in the form of organic matter (litterfall) introduces important nutrients to the soil
- more CO2 = increased temp. = increased decay of organic matter
- essential for plant growth + production of food
- carbon in the form of organic matter (litterfall) introduces important nutrients to the soil
- valuable source of energy in the form of wood + fossil fuels
- more CO2 = more photosyn. + plant growth
- increased growing season for plants
- research lacking + unclear - done over a very short period of time
- carbon cycle is responsible for soil formation + development
- OCEAN
- hard to predict CO2 change+ effects
- effect on ecosystems unknown
- acidification
- 30% CO2 diffused through chemical exchange
- carbonic acid = less alkaline - pH dropped by 0.1 since 1750
- 30% CO2 diffused through chemical exchange
- carbon --> CaCO3
- marine organisms use to build shells
- carbonic acid + CaCO3 ions = bicarbonate
- ions needed to make shells - less CaCO3 = thinner shells
- coral reefs = food + livelihood for 500 million people
- fall in marine biology = threatens food security
- coral reefs = food + livelihood for 500 million people
- ions needed to make shells - less CaCO3 = thinner shells
- melting sea ice
- feedback - reflective ice replaced by absorbent water = sun absorbed = warming
- sea level rise
- 3.5mm/year since 1990s
- due to increased volume of water
- effect on ocean acidity
- decrease in North Atlantic - more freshwater added
- slowing of circulation in NE Atlantic
- decrease in North Atlantic - more freshwater added
- effect on ocean acidity
- due to increased volume of water
- + thermal expansion
- 3.5mm/year since 1990s
- habitat loss
- algae --> food chain
- sea level rise
- feedback - reflective ice replaced by absorbent water = sun absorbed = warming
- hard to predict CO2 change+ effects
- ATMOS.
- increasing CO2 in atmos.
- current = 400ppm - higher in the last 800,000 years
- enhanced greenhouse effects
- causing radiative forcing
- enhanced greenhouse effects
- carbon stored by vegetation = significant effect on the atmos. = deforest. (source) + afforest. (sink)
- current = 400ppm - higher in the last 800,000 years
- radiative forcing (watts/m^2)
- energy flows from atmos. (sunlight) - 30% is reflected back + rest is absorbed by planet
- some absorbed energy is radiated back as IR energy
- balance between incoming + outgoing energy is not zero = warming (+) or cooling (-) will occur
- increased = GHG emissions + changing albedos due to land use changes - human activities
- energy flows from atmos. (sunlight) - 30% is reflected back + rest is absorbed by planet
- increasing CO2 in atmos.
- REGIONAL + GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
- vegetation removes CO2 + releases water/oxygen
- dense vegetation (TRF) = high rates of photosyn. + resp.
- increases humidity and cloud cover = climate + rainfall
- deforest. = drier + less humid
- less trees = less photosyn.
- dense vegetation (TRF) = high rates of photosyn. + resp.
- volcanic eruptions release CO2 + GHG into atmos.
- absorbs more incoming radiation = cooling effect
- vegetation removes CO2 + releases water/oxygen
- LAND
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