History Chapter 1: Germany in 1900

Created by: christopherippon
Created on: 16-04-14 06:06

View mindmap

Germany in 1900
- Bismarck's Legacy
  - Creation of German state 1871
  - Constitution
    - Kaiser
    - Chancellor
      - Kaiser
    - Bundesrat
    - Reichstag
      - male suffrage
        no real power
        Reichstag
        male suffrage
        no real power
    - Prussian dominated
    - Archaic voting system
    - Indirect Tax
  - State Welfare
    - SIL, AIL, OAPL
- German Economy
  - 2nd Revolution
    - 1914: industrial power
    - GNP: 4.5%
    - Short term
      - Long term
        Population growth exponential
        
        abundance of raw materials
      - Education
        1890-1914 uni 2x
      - Banking
        Credit policy
      - Protection
        Tariffs
      - Cartels
        accepted, legally protected
        
        Coal, Thyssen, Krupp 1893
    - Long term
      - Population growth exponential
      - abundance of raw materials
- New Ideas
  - Socialism
    - Marxism
    - SPD 1875
      - 1893 1/4 vote
    - anti-socialist 1878-90
  - Nationalism
    - Conservative by 1900
    - Germanisation
      - 5% minorities
    - Lebensraum
  - Social-Darwinism
    - Survival...
    - Wagner
    - Jews 'inferior, parasetic'
    - Anti-Semitism
  - Anti-Semitism
- German Society
  - Junkers
    - Landed nobility
    - Officers
  - Industrialists
    - copy junkers
  - Middle Class
    - maintain status quo
  - Mittelstand
    - lower-middle
    - far right support
      - Goldhage "willing executioners"
  - Working Class
    - 30% prosperous 2nd, abject poverty
  - National identity
    - Kulturkampf
    - Kaelbe
- Political Structure
  - Chancellors
    - Caprivi
      - New Course
        conservative pressures
      - Legalise Socialism
      - Tariff reform
      - Army reform
      - Anti socialist lapsed
      - 1890-4
    - Hohenlohe
      - 'puppet figure'
      - 1897
        turning point (historians)
        
        weltpolitik
      - 1894-1900
    - Bulow
      - 1900-09
      - foreign minister
        1897 1900
      - manipulator
      - welpolitik
        1897 1900
      - Hottentot election
      - Telegraph affair
    - Bethmann
      - 1909-1917
      - lack of experience in foreign affairs
      - ignorance of military issues
  - Reichstag
    - Conservatives
      - DKP, RP, NLP
      - 1887, 48% vote
        DKP, RP, NLP
      - 1912, 26% vote
    - Liberals
      - 1893, 3 parties
        failure of liberalism
    - Centre Party
      - Catholic
      - important
    - Social Democrats
      - SPD
      - 1912, 34.8% vote
      - reformists
      - marxists
  - pressure groups
    - Agrarian League
    - Pan-German League
    - Navy League
    - Hakastein
- Who Ran Germany?
  - Personal Rule
    - Rohl
    - Wilhelm's personality
    - Extensive powers
    - however
      - grasp of politics limited
      - lazy, pleasure seeking
      - no regular routine
      - preferred social, ceremonial roles
      - delusion of power?
  - History from below
    - Blackbourn, Eley
    - popular movements
    - responding to public opinion
  - Structuralist
    - Wehler
    - elites
    - 1890 power vacuum
    - sammlungspolitik
    - however
      - exaggerated purpose
      - declining junker class
      - fears of middle class

Get Revising

History Chapter 1: Germany in 1900

Comments

Similar History resources: