Hard and soft water
- Created by: jaaaz_v
- Created on: 04-05-15 18:51
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- Hard Water
- Reacts with soap to form scum
- More soap needed to form a lather
- Can use soapless detergents, they don't form scum
- Contains dissolved compounds (calcium or magnesium)
- Dissolved into it when water forms contact with rocks
- Permanent hard water
- Harder to make soft
- Temporary hard water
- Contains hydrocarbonate ions that decompose on heating to produce carbonate ions
- The ions react with calcium and magnesium ions to form precipitates
- Contains hydrocarbonate ions that decompose on heating to produce carbonate ions
- The production of scale reduces the efficiency of heating systems and kettles
- Beneficial calcium compounds good for bones and teeth
- Can be softened by adding sodium carbonate
- Reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions to form a precipitate
- Softened using commercial water softeners
- Ion exchange columns that contain hydrogen or sodium ions
- Replace the magnesium and calcium ions in the water
- Ion exchange columns that contain hydrogen or sodium ions
- Reacts with soap to form scum
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