Genetic Code & Cell Function
- Created by: beth-marie2511
- Created on: 17-06-16 13:49
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- Genetic Code & Cell Function
- Genetic Code
- Chromosomes are divided into thousands of smaller sections = GENES
- The information carried on the DNA
- Code for the amino acids of proteins
- Characteristics
- Three bases = TRIPLE CODE
- Degenerate - most amino acids have more than one triplet code
- Some triplet codes do no code for amino acids
- These are known as 'stop' codons
- Code is universal
- It is used by ALL organisms
- Code is non-overlapping
- Each triplet code is read separately
- Roles of RNA
- Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- DNA remains in the nucleus and acts as a template for producing mRNA
- mRNA carries the instructions needed for protein synthesis
- From the nucleus to the cell cytoplasm through the nuclear pores
- Short and single stranded
- Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
- Ribosomes in the cytoplasm are made of protein and RNA.
- They are the site of attachment for mRNA
- This is where the polypeptide is made
- Transfer RNA (tRNA)
- Carries the specific amino acid to the ribosome
- It attaches the anticodon to the complimentary codon of the mRNA
- In RNA molecules, the pyrimidine base Thymine is replaced with URACIL
- Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Genetic Code
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