Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms

Created by: Eloise
Created on: 17-06-20 14:01

Genomics

Study of a whole set of genetic information in the form of DNA base sequences that occurs in the cells of organisms of a particular species.

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Genome

Is the complete set of genetic information within an organism/cell.

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Genetic code

Is universal because the same specific base triplet codes for the same amino acids in all living things.

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Non-coding DNA

Fills the gaps between genes, not junk, carries out regulatory functions.

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Introns

Don't code for amino acids, found in eukaryotic cells, removed during protein synthesis.

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Exons

Genes that code for amino acids.

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Non-overlapping

Each base is part of one codon, it is not part of the one before or after.

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Gene

A sequence of bases that code for polypeptides/functional RNA.

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Amino acid

3 bases (triplet), also called a codon.

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Degenerate

One amino acid can be coded for by more than one triplet code.

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Storing DNA in eukaryotic cells

- Contains linear DNA molecules (chromosomes). - Really long. - Wound around histone proteins that support DNA.

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Is the complete set of genetic information within an organism/cell.

Back

Genome

Card 3

Front

Is universal because the same specific base triplet codes for the same amino acids in all living things.

Back

Card 4

Front

Fills the gaps between genes, not junk, carries out regulatory functions.

Back

Card 5

Front

Don't code for amino acids, found in eukaryotic cells, removed during protein synthesis.

Back

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Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms