Genes and health
- Created by: hello1112
- Created on: 03-01-17 12:35
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- Genes & Health
- Structure of the lungs
- Trachea
- Bronchus
- Bronchiole
- Alveoli
- Large surface area
- One cell thick walls
- Concentration gradient
- Good blood supply
- Alveoli
- Bronchiole
- Bronchus
- Trachea
- Effects of CF
- Lungs
- Increased chance of infection
- Microorganisms trapped in mucus cant be moved out
- Sticky mucus
- Decreases surface area
- Decreases rate of gaseous exchange
- Makes wall thicker
- Decreases rate of gaseous exchange
- Makes wall thicker
- Decreases surface area
- Increased chance of infection
- Digestive system
- Enzymes get trapped in mucus in pancreatic duct.
- Diabetes can be caused by damage to insulin producing cells.
- Reproductive system
- Mucus can block the cervix
- Sperm duct is either missing or blocked with mucus.
- Lungs
- Proteins
- Structre
- (=)O
- C
- C
- H
- R-Group
- C
- C
- Condensation reaction to join two amino acids
- Peptide bond
- Hydrolysis reaction to break the bond
- Peptide bond
- (=)O
- Amino Acids
- Primary structre
- Secondary structre
- Tertiary structre
- Bonding between the R-groups gives rise to a 3D stuctre
- Quaternary structre
- Some proteins have more than one polypeptide chain, each chain is held together in a precise structure.
- H- bonding forms betwean the -COOH and the -NH2 of an adjacent amino acid
- a - helix
- Shape of an extended spring
- Hydrogen bond between every fourth amino acid
- Shape of an extended spring
- B - pleated sheet
- a - helix
- Tertiary structre
- The sequence of amino acids
- Secondary structre
- Primary structre
- Functions
- Enzymes
- Amylase
- Catalysts for biological reactions
- Most are proteins
- End in -ase
- Identifies a reacting substance
- lipase - reacts lipids
- describes function
- oxidase - catalyses oxidation
- Identifies a reacting substance
- Enzyme binds a substrate in the active site. Only certain substrates fit in the active site.
- E+S - ES Complex - products released
- Factors affecting enzyme action
- Temperature
- Substrate concentration
- pH
- transport
- haemogobin
- movementt
- actin & myosin
- cell recognition
- antigens
- channels
- membrane proteins
- structre
- collagen & keratin
- Hormones
- insulin
- protection
- antibodies
- Enzymes
- Structre
- DNA
- Structure of the lungs
- Sticky mucus
- Decreases surface area
- Decreases rate of gaseous exchange
- Decreases rate of gaseous exchange
- Decreases surface area
- O-H
- C
- C
- H
- R-Group
- C
- C
- Amino Group
- Carboxyl Group
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