AQA Crime and Deviance - Functionalism
- Created by: Harry
- Created on: 10-04-14 10:58
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- Functionalism
- Durkheim
- Key Words
- Key Ideas
- Agencies
- Primary; Family - reward and punishment
- Secondary; Education, Media, Police
- 6 Positive Functions of Deviance
- Marking the extremes of behaviour
- To help reflect the wishes of the population and legitimise social change
- To strengthen bonds
- To act as a warning device
- Provides a safety valve
- Merton's Strain Theory
- Key Ideas
- Deviance - when members of society don't meet their goals through legitimate means - Strain
- Societies have a set goal that asks its members to achieve - Value Consensus
- Not achieving goals can lead to anomie (Link to Durkheim)
- 5 Different Types of Strain's
- Conformist; Adheres to both means and goals
- Innovator; Accepts goals, ignores the legitimate means of obtaining them
- Ritualist; Uses means set by society. lost sight of goal
- Retreatist; Rejects both goals and means, retreats to their own world
- Rebel; Rejects both goals and means, create their own
- Key Ideas
- Hirschi's Bond's of Attachment
- Key Ideas
- He wanted to know why people behaved, not why they committed crimes
- Humans are rational beings; only turn to crime when the pros outweigh the cons
- People attach themselves to society, creating social bonds that hold them to society
- Synoptic Links
- Most important agency to socialise the individual is the family (potential link to family)
- 4 Bonds of Attachment
- Belief; How strongly does the individual believe they should obey norms and values
- Attachment; Strongly attached to family, less likely to commit crimes, as we will let them down
- Commitment; Have they got too much to lose if they break the law? Eg; commitment to a job/ family
- Involvement; How busy a person is, do they have the time?
- Useful way to remember - BACI - Tobacco - Brown- Chocolate - Hirshci's Chocolate - Hirschi - Bonds of attachment!
- Key Ideas
- Durkheim
- Deviance begins with society not the individual
- Key Ideas
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