Free-will and determinism
- Created by: Thunder1107
- Created on: 01-10-17 12:59
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- Free-will and Determinism
- Free-will is the idea that we have choices in
how we act.
- We are ‘self-determining’ and free from influences from the past.
- There are three main definitions of free-will
- Voluntary behaviour - behaviour of which we have control
- Behaviour is unconstrained - behaviour is often predictable, so we can’t say behaviour is random.
- Choice - people have free will if they have a choice of behaviour.
- Determinism is the belief that
all behaviour is determined + predictable.
- Biological - all behaviour is caused genetic influences
- Environmental - behaviour is caused by previous experiences via conditioning
- Scientific - all events have a cause. IV manipulated to observe causal effects on DV
- Psychic - behaviour is determined by innate drives and early experiences
- Soft determinism - Behaviour is determined by the environment to an extent, but without compulsion people have choice
- Hard determinism - all behaviour can be predicted and there is no free will.
- Approaches
- Psychodynamic - mainly deterministic, there is a part for free will. personality is determined by childhood experience.
- Behaviourist - behaviour is a consequence of reward and punishment + reinforcement. we can predict human behaviour
- Cognitive - Soft determinism free will of thoughts is limited mental capacity
- Biological - determined by genes and internal systems. predict behaviour by brain structure and functions
- Evaluation
- Determinism
- Genetic - It is doubtful that 100% genetic determination will be found for any behaviour
- Environment - Concordance rates show that environment cannot be the sole factor
- Scientific - Chaos theory proposes that very small changes can result in major changes
- Does it matter - determinism may allow people to excuse their behaviour e.g. crime
- Free-Will
- illusion - A person may choose to buy something but this may be influence by previous experience
- Culturally relative - Appropriate for individualist cultures only
- Research - Activity in the pre-frontal cortex up to 10 sec before a person consciously acted
- Determinism
- Free-will is the idea that we have choices in
how we act.
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