FOOD PRODUCTION
food production (part 2/3)
Heinman textbook only
- Created by: EClou
- Created on: 22-01-15 20:13
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- FOOD PRODUCTION
- Plants
- eating plants enables us to shorten the food chain + tf make it more efficient
- + tf makes food production more efficient
- carry out photosynthesis where they convert light energy into chem energy
- which is stored as starch (carbohydrate)
- impr. RESPONSE - FERTILISERS
- make harvesting easier by STANDARDISING size
- reduce loss due to DISEASE/PESTS
- incr. SIZE of yield
- Improve GROWTH RATE
- FERTILISERS: minerals needed for plant growth, which are added to soil to improve its fertility
- incr. rate of growth + size
- NITRATES, POTASSIUM, PHOSPHATE
- PESTICIDE: a chemical that kills pests
- reduces loss of crops due to disease/disease causing organisms
- can also be used on animals e.g. sheep-ticks
- cause EUTROPHICATION
- too much can cause water depletion in plants-osmosis
- FUNGICIDE: chemical that kills fungi
- reduce fungal growth
- reduces loss of crops due to disease/disease causing organisms
- can also be used on animals e.g. sheep-ticks
- cause EUTROPHICATION
- too much can cause water depletion in plants-osmosis
- reduces loss of crops due to disease/disease causing organisms
- ANTIBIOTICS: chemical that kills or prevents reproduction in bacteria
- reduce spread of disease that could reduce growth/performance
- reduce fungal growth
- reduces loss of crops due to disease/disease causing organisms
- Cheap-can be a waste product
- doesn't cause eutrophication
- incr. rate of growth + size
- eating plants enables us to shorten the food chain + tf make it more efficient
- Efficiency
- Improve GROWTH RATE
- incr. SIZE of yield
- reduce loss due to DISEASE/PESTS
- make harvesting easier by STANDARDISING size
- impr. RESPONSE - FERTILISERS
- SELECTIVE BREEDING
- humans select the individual organisms that are allowed to breed according to certain characteristics
- animals
- 1. Isolation
- pair with desired characteristics are selected to breed
- 2. Artificial selection
- offspring w/ "best" comb. of charac. are selected
- 3. in/line breeding
- only "best" offspring are allowed to reproduce - with other gd specimens.
- this is carried on for several generations to cultivate desired charac.
- only "best" offspring are allowed to reproduce - with other gd specimens.
- plants
- selection pressure is applied to choose which seeds to save for sowing
- 1. Isolation
- MARKING
- section of DNA used as marker to recognise desired charac.
- when offspring have been produced their DNA is checked for the marker
- E.G.
- apples bred w/ improved disease resistance, + improved texture/flavour
- section of DNA used as marker to recognise desired charac.
- E.G.
- chickens bred for egg production can lay over 300 eggs/yr vs unselected = 20-30/yr
- Plants
- NITRATES, POTASSIUM, PHOSPHATE
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